[Vision2020] 05-23-04 Breaking AP: More Than 5,500 Iraqi Civilians Killed Since Occupation Began, According to Morgue Records
Art Deco aka W. Fox
deco@moscow.com
Sun, 23 May 2004 11:37:58 -0700
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May 23, 2004
OMAR SINAN Associated
By Daniel Cooney
and
BAGHDAD, Iraq (AP) - Punctured by bullets or torn by bombs, broken bodies keep
coming into Baghdad's main morgue. Some are dumped on the blood-splattered
concrete floor. Others lie naked on metal gurneys in a hallway, waiting for
autopsies as flies buzz in the spring heat.
Even before the spasm of bloodshed that began early last month, Iraqis were
suffering a heavy toll from crime, tribal revenge killings, terrorist bombings
and fighting between coalition troops and insurgents.
An Associated Press survey of deaths in the first 12 months of the occupation
found that more than 5,000 Iraqis died violently in just Baghdad and three
provinces. The toll from both criminal and political violence ran dramatically
higher than violent deaths before the war, according to statistics from morgues.
There are no reliable figures for places like Fallujah and Najaf that have seen
surges in fighting since early April.
Indeed, there is no precise count for Iraq as a whole on how many people have
been killed, nor is there a breakdown of deaths caused by the different sorts of
attacks. The U.S. military, the occupation authority and Iraqi government
agencies say they don't have the ability to track civilian deaths.
But the AP survey of morgues in Baghdad and the provinces of Karbala, Kirkuk and
Tikrit found 5,558 violent deaths recorded from May 1, 2003, when President Bush
declared an end to major combat operations, to April 30. Officials at morgues
for three more of Iraq's 18 provinces either didn't have numbers or declined to
release them.
The AP's survey was not a comprehensive compilation of the nationwide death
toll, but was a sampling intended to assess the levels of violence. Figures for
violent deaths in the months before the war showed a far lower rate.
That doesn't mean Iraq is a more dangerous place than during Saddam Hussein's
regime. At least 300,000 people were murdered by security forces and buried in
mass graves during the dictator's 23-year rule, U.S. officials say, and human
rights workers put the number closer to 500,000.
"We cannot compare the situation now with how it was before," Nouri Jaber
al-Nouri, inspector general of the Interior Ministry, said recently. "Iraqis
used to fear everything. ... But now, despite all that is happening, we feel
safe."
Still, the morgue figures, which exclude trauma deaths from accidents like car
wrecks and falls, highlight the insecurity Iraqis feel from the high level of
criminal and political violence, and underline the challenges that coalition and
Iraqi forces face in trying to bring peace.
In Baghdad, a city of about 5.6 million, 4,279 people were recorded killed in
the 12 months through April 30, according to figures provided by Kais Hassan,
director of statistics at Baghdad's Medicolegal Institute, which administers the
city's morgues.
"Before the war, there was a strong government, strong security. There were a
lot of police on the streets and there were no illegal weapons," he said during
an AP reporter's visit to the morgue. "Now there are few controls. There is
crime, revenge killings, so much violence."
The figure does not include most people killed in big terrorist bombings, Hassan
said. The cause of death in such cases is obvious so bodies are usually not
taken to the morgue, but given directly to victims' families.
Also, the bodies of killed fighters from groups like the al-Mahdi Army are
rarely taken to morgues.
Morgue records do not document the circumstances surrounding the 4,279 deaths -
whether killed by insurgents, occupation forces, criminals or others. The
records list only the cause of a death, such as gunshot or explosion, Hassan
said.
It is the police's responsibility to determine why a person dies. But al-Nouri,
the official at the Interior Ministry, which oversees police, said the agency
lacks the resources to investigate all killings or keep track of causes of
death.
U.S. forces have records for the numbers of claims for compensation from Iraqis
for personal injury, deaths of family members, or for property damage caused by
U.S. military action in "non-combat" situations. Some $3 million has been paid
to about 5,000 claimants, American officials said last month. About 8,000 claims
had been rejected and 3,000 were pending, they said.
The officials declined to provide a breakdown of the figures to show how many
claims were for deaths. They also said a single incident involving U.S. forces
could lead to multiple compensation claims.
Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, the U.S. military's deputy director of operations, said
U.S. forces do not have the capacity to track Iraqi civilian casualties. To
highlight the complexity of the task, he pointed to the March 17 bombing of the
Mount Lebanon Hotel in Baghdad where a U.S.-announced death toll dropped from an
initial 27 to 17 and later to just seven.
"There are always discrepancies any time you have a situation as chaotic as the
aftermath of a bombing," he said.
The death toll recorded by the Baghdad morgue was an average of 357 violent
deaths each month from May through April. That contrasts with an average of 14 a
month for 2002, Hassan's documents showed.
The toll translates into an annual homicide rate of about 76 killings for every
100,000 people.
By comparison, crime-ridden Bogota, Colombia, reported 39 homicides per 100,000
people in 2002, while New York City had about 7.5 per 100,000 last year. Iraq's
neighbor Jordan, a country with a population a little less than Baghdad's,
recorded about 2.4 homicides per 100,000 in 2003.
Other Iraqi morgues visited by AP reporters also reported big increases in
violent deaths.
In Karbala, a province of 1.5 million people 60 miles south of Baghdad, 663
people were killed from May through April, or an average of 55 a month, said Ali
Alardawi, deputy administrator of Alhuien Hospital, which runs the morgue in the
provincial capital, Karbala. That compares with an average of one violent death
a month in 2002, he said.
Tikrit, a province of 650,000 people 90 miles north of Baghdad, recorded 205
people killed from May through April, or an average of 17 a month, said Najat
Khorshid Sa'id, statistics director at the morgue in the provincial capital,
Tikrit, which was Saddam's hometown. He said no one died from violence in 2002.
In Kirkuk, a northern province of 1.5 million people, 401 people were killed
from May through April, or an average of 34 a month, said Fadhillah Ahmed
Rasheed, head of the morgue in the provincial capital, Kirkuk. The province
averaged three violent deaths a month in 2002, he said.
Officials at the main morgue in Najaf city, the capital of southern Najaf
province, said they didn't have casualty figures. Officials in Baqouba, the
capital of northwest Diyala province, and Ramadi, the capital of western Anbar
province, declined to release their numbers.
In Fallujah, where U.S. Marines launched an offensive against Sunni militants on
April 4, the city's hospital director, Rafie al-Issawi, reported 731 people
killed during the month. However, the Iraqi health minister, Khudayer Abbas, had
called Issawi's numbers highly exaggerated.
The human rights organization Amnesty International, based in London, estimated
in March that more than 10,000 Iraqi civilians had been killed "as a direct
result of military intervention in Iraq, either during the war or during the
subsequent occupation."
"This figure is an estimate as the authorities are unwilling or unable to
catalogue killings," the group said in a statement.
There are no precise estimates for deaths during last year's invasion.
The Associated Press conducted a major investigation of wartime civilian
casualties, documenting the deaths of 3,240 civilians from March 20 to April 20,
2003. That investigation, conducted last May and June, was based on a survey of
about half of Iraq's hospitals, and counted only those deaths for which
hospitals had good documentation. The report concluded the real number of
civilian deaths was sure to be much higher.
The deaths of foreign soldiers in Iraq are documented.
As of May 17, 783 U.S. military personnel had died since the beginning of
military operations in Iraq last year, according to the Department of Defense.
Of those, 571 died as a result of hostile action and 212 died of non-hostile
causes.
The Pentagon says 645 of the deaths have occurred since May 1, 2003 - 462 as a
result of hostile action and 183 from non-hostile causes, such as accidents or
illness.
The British military has reported 58 deaths; Italy, 20; Spain, eight; Bulgaria,
six; Ukraine, five; Thailand, two; Denmark, El Salvador, Estonia and Poland, one
each.
The Brookings Institution counts 84 non-Iraqi civilian deaths since the
occupation began through May 14, a figure that includes non-military employees
of the U.S. government.
---
Associated Press reporters Gassid Jabbar in Karbala, Zeki Hamad in Tikrit and
Yahya Barzanji in Kirkuk contributed to this story.
---
On the Net:
Brookings Institution's Iraq Index: www.brookings.edu/iraqindex
U.S. Department of Defense: http://www.dod.gov
Amnesty International: http://www.amnesty.org
AP-ES-05-23-04 1314EDT
This story can be found at: http://ap.tbo.com/ap/breaking/MGBHU6WELUD.html
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<P>May 23, 2004</P>
<H2> OMAR SINAN Associated</H2>By Daniel Cooney<BR>and =
<BR><BR>BAGHDAD,=20
Iraq (AP) - Punctured by bullets or torn by bombs, broken bodies keep =
coming=20
into Baghdad's main morgue. Some are dumped on the blood-splattered =
concrete=20
floor. Others lie naked on metal gurneys in a hallway, waiting for =
autopsies as=20
flies buzz in the spring heat.=20
<P>Even before the spasm of bloodshed that began early last month, =
Iraqis were=20
suffering a heavy toll from crime, tribal revenge killings, terrorist =
bombings=20
and fighting between coalition troops and insurgents.=20
<P>An Associated Press survey of deaths in the first 12 months of the =
occupation=20
found that more than 5,000 Iraqis died violently in just Baghdad and =
three=20
provinces. The toll from both criminal and political violence ran =
dramatically=20
higher than violent deaths before the war, according to statistics from =
morgues.=20
<P>There are no reliable figures for places like Fallujah and Najaf that =
have=20
seen surges in fighting since early April.=20
<P>Indeed, there is no precise count for Iraq as a whole on how many =
people have=20
been killed, nor is there a breakdown of deaths caused by the different =
sorts of=20
attacks. The U.S. military, the occupation authority and Iraqi =
government=20
agencies say they don't have the ability to track civilian deaths.=20
<P>But the AP survey of morgues in Baghdad and the provinces of Karbala, =
Kirkuk=20
and Tikrit found 5,558 violent deaths recorded from May 1, 2003, when =
President=20
Bush declared an end to major combat operations, to April 30. Officials =
at=20
morgues for three more of Iraq's 18 provinces either didn't have numbers =
or=20
declined to release them.=20
<P>The AP's survey was not a comprehensive compilation of the nationwide =
death=20
toll, but was a sampling intended to assess the levels of violence. =
Figures for=20
violent deaths in the months before the war showed a far lower rate.=20
<P>That doesn't mean Iraq is a more dangerous place than during Saddam =
Hussein's=20
regime. At least 300,000 people were murdered by security forces and =
buried in=20
mass graves during the dictator's 23-year rule, U.S. officials say, and =
human=20
rights workers put the number closer to 500,000.=20
<P>"We cannot compare the situation now with how it was before," Nouri =
Jaber=20
al-Nouri, inspector general of the Interior Ministry, said recently. =
"Iraqis=20
used to fear everything. ... But now, despite all that is happening, we =
feel=20
safe."=20
<P>Still, the morgue figures, which exclude trauma deaths from accidents =
like=20
car wrecks and falls, highlight the insecurity Iraqis feel from the high =
level=20
of criminal and political violence, and underline the challenges that =
coalition=20
and Iraqi forces face in trying to bring peace.=20
<P>In Baghdad, a city of about 5.6 million, 4,279 people were recorded =
killed in=20
the 12 months through April 30, according to figures provided by Kais =
Hassan,=20
director of statistics at Baghdad's Medicolegal Institute, which =
administers the=20
city's morgues.=20
<P>"Before the war, there was a strong government, strong security. =
There were a=20
lot of police on the streets and there were no illegal weapons," he said =
during=20
an AP reporter's visit to the morgue. "Now there are few controls. There =
is=20
crime, revenge killings, so much violence."=20
<P>The figure does not include most people killed in big terrorist =
bombings,=20
Hassan said. The cause of death in such cases is obvious so bodies are =
usually=20
not taken to the morgue, but given directly to victims' families.=20
<P>Also, the bodies of killed fighters from groups like the al-Mahdi =
Army are=20
rarely taken to morgues.=20
<P>Morgue records do not document the circumstances surrounding the =
4,279 deaths=20
- whether killed by insurgents, occupation forces, criminals or others. =
The=20
records list only the cause of a death, such as gunshot or explosion, =
Hassan=20
said.=20
<P>It is the police's responsibility to determine why a person dies. But =
al-Nouri, the official at the Interior Ministry, which oversees police, =
said the=20
agency lacks the resources to investigate all killings or keep track of =
causes=20
of death.=20
<P>U.S. forces have records for the numbers of claims for compensation =
from=20
Iraqis for personal injury, deaths of family members, or for property =
damage=20
caused by U.S. military action in "non-combat" situations. Some $3 =
million has=20
been paid to about 5,000 claimants, American officials said last month. =
About=20
8,000 claims had been rejected and 3,000 were pending, they said.=20
<P>The officials declined to provide a breakdown of the figures to show =
how many=20
claims were for deaths. They also said a single incident involving U.S. =
forces=20
could lead to multiple compensation claims.=20
<P>Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, the U.S. military's deputy director of =
operations,=20
said U.S. forces do not have the capacity to track Iraqi civilian =
casualties. To=20
highlight the complexity of the task, he pointed to the March 17 bombing =
of the=20
Mount Lebanon Hotel in Baghdad where a U.S.-announced death toll dropped =
from an=20
initial 27 to 17 and later to just seven.=20
<P>"There are always discrepancies any time you have a situation as =
chaotic as=20
the aftermath of a bombing," he said.=20
<P>The death toll recorded by the Baghdad morgue was an average of 357 =
violent=20
deaths each month from May through April. That contrasts with an average =
of 14 a=20
month for 2002, Hassan's documents showed.=20
<P>The toll translates into an annual homicide rate of about 76 killings =
for=20
every 100,000 people.=20
<P>By comparison, crime-ridden Bogota, Colombia, reported 39 homicides =
per=20
100,000 people in 2002, while New York City had about 7.5 per 100,000 =
last year.=20
Iraq's neighbor Jordan, a country with a population a little less than=20
Baghdad's, recorded about 2.4 homicides per 100,000 in 2003.=20
<P>Other Iraqi morgues visited by AP reporters also reported big =
increases in=20
violent deaths.=20
<P>In Karbala, a province of 1.5 million people 60 miles south of =
Baghdad, 663=20
people were killed from May through April, or an average of 55 a month, =
said Ali=20
Alardawi, deputy administrator of Alhuien Hospital, which runs the =
morgue in the=20
provincial capital, Karbala. That compares with an average of one =
violent death=20
a month in 2002, he said.=20
<P>Tikrit, a province of 650,000 people 90 miles north of Baghdad, =
recorded 205=20
people killed from May through April, or an average of 17 a month, said =
Najat=20
Khorshid Sa'id, statistics director at the morgue in the provincial =
capital,=20
Tikrit, which was Saddam's hometown. He said no one died from violence =
in 2002.=20
<P>In Kirkuk, a northern province of 1.5 million people, 401 people were =
killed=20
from May through April, or an average of 34 a month, said Fadhillah =
Ahmed=20
Rasheed, head of the morgue in the provincial capital, Kirkuk. The =
province=20
averaged three violent deaths a month in 2002, he said.=20
<P>Officials at the main morgue in Najaf city, the capital of southern =
Najaf=20
province, said they didn't have casualty figures. Officials in Baqouba, =
the=20
capital of northwest Diyala province, and Ramadi, the capital of western =
Anbar=20
province, declined to release their numbers.=20
<P>In Fallujah, where U.S. Marines launched an offensive against Sunni =
militants=20
on April 4, the city's hospital director, Rafie al-Issawi, reported 731 =
people=20
killed during the month. However, the Iraqi health minister, Khudayer =
Abbas, had=20
called Issawi's numbers highly exaggerated.=20
<P>The human rights organization Amnesty International, based in London, =
estimated in March that more than 10,000 Iraqi civilians had been killed =
"as a=20
direct result of military intervention in Iraq, either during the war or =
during=20
the subsequent occupation."=20
<P>"This figure is an estimate as the authorities are unwilling or =
unable to=20
catalogue killings," the group said in a statement.=20
<P>There are no precise estimates for deaths during last year's =
invasion.=20
<P>The Associated Press conducted a major investigation of wartime =
civilian=20
casualties, documenting the deaths of 3,240 civilians from March 20 to =
April 20,=20
2003. That investigation, conducted last May and June, was based on a =
survey of=20
about half of Iraq's hospitals, and counted only those deaths for which=20
hospitals had good documentation. The report concluded the real number =
of=20
civilian deaths was sure to be much higher.=20
<P>The deaths of foreign soldiers in Iraq are documented.=20
<P>As of May 17, 783 U.S. military personnel had died since the =
beginning of=20
military operations in Iraq last year, according to the Department of =
Defense.=20
Of those, 571 died as a result of hostile action and 212 died of =
non-hostile=20
causes.=20
<P>The Pentagon says 645 of the deaths have occurred since May 1, 2003 - =
462 as=20
a result of hostile action and 183 from non-hostile causes, such as =
accidents or=20
illness.=20
<P>The British military has reported 58 deaths; Italy, 20; Spain, eight; =
Bulgaria, six; Ukraine, five; Thailand, two; Denmark, El Salvador, =
Estonia and=20
Poland, one each.=20
<P>The Brookings Institution counts 84 non-Iraqi civilian deaths since =
the=20
occupation began through May 14, a figure that includes non-military =
employees=20
of the U.S. government.=20
<P>---=20
<P>Associated Press reporters Gassid Jabbar in Karbala, Zeki Hamad in =
Tikrit and=20
Yahya Barzanji in Kirkuk contributed to this story.=20
<P>---=20
<P>On the Net:=20
<P>Brookings Institution's Iraq Index: www.brookings.edu/iraqindex=20
<P>U.S. Department of Defense: http://www.dod.gov=20
<P>Amnesty International: http://www.amnesty.org=20
<P>AP-ES-05-23-04 1314EDT <BR><BR><B>This story can be found at:</B> <A=20
href=3D"http://ap.tbo.com/ap/breaking/MGBHU6WELUD.html">http://ap.tbo.com=
/ap/breaking/MGBHU6WELUD.html</A><BR></P></FONT></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTM=
L>
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