[Vision2020] How odd?

Donovan Arnold donovanarnold@hotmail.com
Sat, 29 Mar 2003 12:49:05 -0800


<html><div style='background-color:'><DIV>
<P>Dale,</P>
<P>You forgot US and British Oil companies!</P>
<P>Donovan Arnold<BR><BR></P></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: "Dale Courtney" <DALE@COURTNEYS.US>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: <VISION2020@MOSCOW.COM>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: [Vision2020] How odd? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Sat, 29 Mar 2003 11:44:13 -0800 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Facts on Who Benefits From Keeping Saddam Hussein In Power 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;by The Heritage Foundation 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;WebMemo #217 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; <?xml:namespace prefix = javascript /><javascript:HandleLink('cpe_1031_0',' send.cfm?); SendtoFriend press>
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<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://www.heritage.org/Research/MiddleEast/wm217.cfm 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;<javascript:HandleLink('cpe_1031_0','CP___PAGEID=851,index.cfm,3');> 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;France 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* According to the CIA World Factbook, France controls over 22.5 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;percent of Iraq's imports. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [1] French 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;total trade with Iraq under the oil-for-food program is the third largest, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;totaling $3.1 billion since 1996, according to the United Nations. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [2] In 2001 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;France became Iraq's largest European trading partner. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* Roughly 60 French companies do an estimated $1.5 billion in trade 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;with Baghdad annually under the U.N. oil-for-food program. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [3] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* France's largest oil company, Total Fina Elf, has negotiated a deal 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;to develop the Majnoon field in western Iraq. The Majnoon field purportedly 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;contains up to 30 billion barrels of oil. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [4] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* Total Fina Elf also negotiated a deal for future oil exploration in 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Iraq's Nahr Umar field. Both the Majnoon and Nahr Umar fields are estimated 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;to contain as much as 25 percent of the country's reserves. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [5] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* France's Alcatel company, a major telecom firm, is negotiating a $76 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;million contract to rehabilitate Iraq's telephone system. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [6] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* From 1981 to 2001, according to the Stockholm International Peace 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Research Institute (SIPRI), France was responsible for over 13 percent of 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Iraq's arms imports. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [7] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Germany 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* Direct trade between Germany and Iraq amounts to about $350 million 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;annually, and another $1 billion is reportedly sold through third parties. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [8] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* It has recently been reported that Saddam Hussein has ordered Iraqi 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;domestic businesses to show preference to German companies as a reward for 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Germany's "firm positive stand in rejecting the launching of a military 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;attack against Iraq." It was also reported that over 101 German companies 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;were present at the Baghdad Annual exposition. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [9] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* During the 35th Annual Baghdad International Fair in November 2002, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;a German company signed a contract for $80 million for 5,000 cars and spare 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;parts. [10] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* In 2002, DaimlerChrysler was awarded over $13 million in contracts 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;for German trucks and spare parts. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [11] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* German officials are investigating a German corporation accused of 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;illegally channeling weapons to Iraq via Jordan. The equipment in question 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;is used for boring the barrels of large cannons and is allegedly intended 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;for Saddam Hussein's Al Fao Supercannon project. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [12] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Russia 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* According to the CIA World Factbook, Russia controls roughly 5.8 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;percent of Iraq's annual imports. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [13] Under 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;the U.N. oil-for-food program, Russia's total trade with Iraq was somewhere 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;between $530 million and $1 billion for the six months ending in December of 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;2001. [14] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* According to the Russian Ambassador to Iraq, Vladimir Titorenko, new 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;contracts worth another $200 million under the U.N. oil-for-food program are 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;to be signed over the next three months. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [15] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* Soviet-era debt of $7 billion through $8 billion was generated by 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;arms sales to Iraq during the 1980-1988 Iran-Iraq war. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* Russia's LUKoil negotiated a $4 billion, 23-year contract in 1997 to 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;rehabilitate the 15 billion-barrel West Qurna field in southern Iraq. Work 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;on the oil field was expected to commence upon cancellation of U.N. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;sanctions on Iraq. The deal is currently on hold. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [16] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* In October 2001, Salvneft, a Russian-Belarus company, negotiated a 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;$52 million service contract to drill at the Tuba field in Southern Iraq. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [17] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* In April 2001, Russia's Zaruezhneft company received a service 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;contract to drill in the Saddam, Kirkuk, and Bai Hassan fields to 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;rehabilitate the fields and reduce water incursion. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* A future $40 billion Iraqi-Russian economic agreement, reportedly 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;signed in 2002, would allow for extensive oil exploration opportunities 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;throughout western Iraq. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [18] The 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;proposal calls for 67 new projects, over a 10-year time frame, to explore 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;and further develop fields in southern Iraq and the Western Desert, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;including the Suba, Luhais, West Qurna, and Rumaila projects. Additional 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;projects added to the deal include second-phase construction of a pipeline 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;running from southern to northern Iraq, and extensive drilling and gas 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;projects. Work on these projects would commence upon cancellation of 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;sanctions. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[19] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* Russia's Gazprom company over the past few years has signed 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;contracts worth $18 million to repair gas stations in Iraq. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [20] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* The former Soviet Union was the premier supplier of Iraqi arms. From 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;1981 to 2001, Russia supplied Iraq with 50 percent of its arms. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [21] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;China 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* According to the CIA World Factbook, China controls roughly 5.8 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;percent of Iraq's annual imports. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [22] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* China National Oil Company, partnered with China North Industries 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Corp., negotiated a 22-year-long deal for future oil exploration in the Al 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Ahdab field in southern Iraq. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [23] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* In recent years, the Chinese Aero-Technology Import-Export Company 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;(CATIC) has been contracted to sell "meteorological satellite" and "surface 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;observation" equipment to Iraq. This contract was approved by the U.N. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;oil-for-food program. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [24] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* CATIC also won approval from the U.N. in July 2000 to sell $2 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;million worth of fiber optic cables. This and similar contracts approved 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;were disguised as telecommunications gear. These cables can be used for 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;secure data and communications links between national command and control 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;centers and long-range search radar, targeting radar, and missile-launch 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;units, according to U.S. officials. In addition, China National Electric 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Wire &amp; Cable and China National Technical Import Telecommunications 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Equipment Company are believed to have sold Iraq $6 million and $15.5 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;million worth of communications equipment and other unspecified supplies, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;respectively. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[25] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;* According to a report from SIPRI, from 1981 to 2001, China was the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;second largest supplier of weapons and arms to Iraq, supplying over 18 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;percent of Iraq's weapons imports. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [26] 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; _____ 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [1]Central 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Intelligence Agency, The World Factbook 2002, at 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [2]Jon 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Talton, "French Ideals and Profits in the Iraqi Triangle", The Arizona 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Republic, February 23, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [3]Jon 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Talton, "French Ideals and Profits in the Iraqi Triangle," The Arizona 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Republic, February 23, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [4]Kenneth 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Katzman, Iraq: Oil-for-Food Program, International Sanctions, and Illicit 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Trade, Congressional Research Service, September 26, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [5]Kenneth 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Katzman, Iraq: Oil-for-Food Program, International Sanctions, and Illicit 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Trade, Congressional Research Service, September 26, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [6]Evelyn 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Iritani, "Hussein's Government Signs Lucrative Contracts, Especially with 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Nations that Oppose the U.S. Led Effort to Oust the Regime," The Los Angeles 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Verdana,Arial,Helvetica, November 11, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[7]Information from Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;(SIPRI), "Arms Transfers to Iraq, 1981-2001," at 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://projects.sipri.se/armstrade/IRQ_IMPORTS_1982-2001.pdf. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [8]David 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;R. Sands, "France, Germany Protect Iraq Ties," The Washington 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Verdana,Arial,Helvetica, February 20, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [9]David 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;R. Sands, "France, Germany Protect Iraq Ties," The Washington 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Verdana,Arial,Helvetica, February 20, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[10]"Africa Analysis-Trade Points Way to Peace", The Financial 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Verdana,Arial,Helvetica: Asia Africa Intelligence Wire, November 19, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [11]Faye 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Bowers, "Driving Forces in War-Wary Nations: The Stances of France, Germany, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Russia and China Are Colored by Economic and National Interests," Christian 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Science Monitor, February 25, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[12]"Helping Saddam Rearm," The Wall Street Journal, October 11, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[13]Central Intelligence Agency, The World Factbook 2002, at 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[14]Testimony provided by Ariel Cohen to the House International Relations 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Committee, "Russia and the Axis of Evil: Money, Ambition and U.S. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Interests," February 26, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [15]Nelli 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Sharushkina, "Russia Plays the Field in Iraq-Mixed Signals Worry Baghdad," 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Energy Intelligence Briefing, February 5, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [16]Dan 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Morgan and David B. Ottaway, "In Iraqi War Scenario, Oil Is Key Issue," The 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Washington Post, September 15, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [17]Dan 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Morgan and David B. Ottaway, "In Iraqi War Scenario, Oil Is Key Issue," The 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Washington Post, September 15, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [18]Scott 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Peterson, "Russia's Newest Tie to Iraq: Moscow Is Set to Sign a $40 billion 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Economic Pact with Baghdad Next Month," Christian Science Monitor, August 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;20, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[19]"Mideast Tensions to Delay Iraq Iraqi-Russian Signing," Energy Compass, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;April 19, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[20]Dmitry Zhdannikov, "Russian's Grim About Working Under Saddam," The 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Houston Chronicle, April 14, 2002. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[21]Information from Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;(SIPRI), "Arms Transfers to Iraq, 1981-2001," at 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://projects.sipri.se/armstrade/IRQ_IMPORTS_1982-2001.pdf. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[22]Central Intelligence Agency, The World Factbook 2002, at 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; [23]Trish 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Saywell, "Oil: The Danger of Deals with Iraq," Far Eastern Economic Review, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;March 6, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[24]Kenneth R. Timmerman, "Rogues Lending Hand to Saddam," Insight on the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;News, March 4, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[25]Kenneth R. Timmerman, "Rogues Lending Hand to Saddam," Insight on the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;News, March 4, 2003. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;[26]Information from Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;(SIPRI), "Arms Transfers to Iraq, 1981-2001," at 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://projects.sipri.se/armstrade/IRQ_IMPORTS_1982-2001.pdf. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
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