[Vision2020] NY Times: Officer Says Army Tried to Curb Red Cross Visits to Prison in Iraq

Art Deco aka W. Fox deco@moscow.com
Wed, 19 May 2004 06:28:54 -0700


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      May 19, 2004
      Officer Says Army Tried to Curb Red Cross Visits to Prison in Iraq
      By DOUGLAS JEHL and ERIC SCHMITT

      ASHINGTON, May 18 - Army officials in Iraq responded late last year to a
Red Cross report of abuses at Abu Ghraib prison by trying to curtail the
international agency's spot inspections of the prison, a senior Army officer who
served in Iraq said Tuesday.

      After the International Committee of the Red Cross observed abuses in one
cellblock on two unannounced inspections in October and complained in writing on
Nov. 6, the military responded that inspectors should make appointments before
visiting the cellblock. That area was the site of the worst abuses.

      The Red Cross report in November was the earliest formal evidence known to
have been presented to the military's headquarters in Baghdad before January,
when photographs of the abuses came to the attention of criminal investigators
and prompted a broad investigation. But the senior Army officer said the
military did not start any criminal investigation before it replied to the Red
Cross on Dec. 24.

      The Red Cross report was made after its inspectors witnessed or heard
about such practices as holding Iraqi prisoners naked in dark concrete cells for
several days at a time and forcing them to wear women's underwear on their heads
while being paraded and photographed.

      Until now, the Army had described its response on Dec. 24 as evidence that
the military was prompt in addressing Red Cross complaints, but it has declined
to release the contents of the Army document, citing the tradition of
confidentiality in dealing with the international agency.

      An Army spokesman declined Tuesday to characterize the letter or to
discuss what it said about the Red Cross's access to the cellblock.

      In an interview, however, Brig. Gen. Janis Karpinski, commander of the
800th Military Police Brigade, whose soldiers guarded the prisoners, said that
despite the serious allegations in the Red Cross report, senior officers in
Baghdad had treated it in "a light-hearted manner."

      She said that she signed the Army's response on Dec. 24, but that it had
been drafted primarily by Army lawyers who reported to Lt. Gen. Ricardo S.
Sanchez, the top American commander in Iraq.

      General Karpinski said she did not see the Red Cross complaint until late
November, and questioned how the staff judge advocate for General Sanchez, and
his team of lawyers, had dealt with the matter. "It was an unusual routing
because they had possession of it before I knew the letter existed," she said of
the Red Cross complaint.

      "If I had been informed, and I had been drawn into this in any way, I
would have said, `Hold on a second, because not in my facility you don't,' "
General Karpinski said of the abuses detailed in the report by the International
Committee of the Red Cross, which she said she did not see until at least two
weeks after it was submitted. "We followed the rules, and we gave unrestricted
access to the I.C.R.C., and it validated our operations, actually."

      General Karpinski, who has been disciplined for her performance as
commander at the prison, would not say whether she had objected to any part of
the Dec. 24 letter at the time. It was unclear whether she had felt compelled to
sign a letter drafted by aides to her superiors.

      For several months in Iraq, Red Cross inspectors had exercised the right
to drop in on Army-run prisons without notifying prison officials in advance.

      The senior Army officer questioned the rationale for the Army's assertion
in November that Red Cross visits should be scheduled.

      "I know what they were communicating in that letter: They wanted the
I.C.R.C. to schedule visits for those particular cellblocks, because it could
interrupt any of the military intelligence," said the officer. "The position
that they were taking was that the I.C.R.C. could not have unrestricted access
to those particular cellblocks."

      Other top Army officers in Washington have said the behavior described by
the Red Cross in October had warranted a criminal investigation.

      "I do not know if she in fact started an investigation into those, because
they are serious," Lt. Gen. Keith Alexander, the head of Army intelligence, told
the Senate Armed Services Committee on May 11. "As soon as we hear about one of
those allegations, an investigation should begin right away and we shouldn't
wait for it."

      General Alexander told senators that the abuses Red Cross inspectors
witnessed "sounded the same as some of the abuses that we're seeing" in
photographs taken by military guards that are now circulating worldwide.

      In an interview on Tuesday, the White House general counsel, Alberto R.
Gonzales, said he had not been aware that the issue of whether the Red Cross
should be allowed to conduct such inspections was a point of dispute. He added,
however, that he might have had "concerns" about allowing such inspections.

      "Part of the concerns is whether or not there were interrogations that
might be interrupted under a spot check," Mr. Gonzales said. "Obviously, we
would work with the I.C.R.C. to arrange visits" under appropriate circumstances,
he said.

      While he said he could not speak for everyone at the White House, he added
that "I don't recall being made aware" of the issue.

      The Red Cross report and General Karpinski's comments seem at odds with
the accounts of other senior military officials.

      Earlier this month, Lt. Gen. Lance Smith, the deputy commander of American
forces in the Middle East, told senators that the military had no inkling of the
magnitude of the prisoner abuses until a soldier turned over copies of
incriminating pictures to investigators on Jan. 13.

      "There were reports that there was trouble in those places, but not of the
character we're talking about here," General Smith said. He said that after
General Karpinski's Dec. 24 letter, improvements were made at the prison.

      "The I.C.R.C. came back and visited 4 through 8 January and they - the
indication from there was that there were improvements," he said.

      The disclosures about the Army's response to the Red Cross complaints came
as new details emerged about the death of an Iraqi prisoner in C.I.A. custody
last fall.

      Central Intelligence Agency officers who brought a hooded man to Abu
Ghraib ordered military guards at the prison not to remove the empty sandbag
that covered his head, according to the sworn testimony of a military guard.
Only after the prisoner slumped over dead during questioning was the hood
removed, revealing that the man had severe facial injuries.

      The incident was described in testimony at a closed hearing early last
month in the case of Sgt. Javal S. Davis, one of the accused prison guards. The
statements were made by two members of Sergeant Davis's unit, Specialists Bruce
Brown and Jason A. Kenner. Their testimony appears to provide fresh clues to the
mysterious death of a man identified by the American authorities only by his
last name, Jamadi.

      Mr. Jamadi is believed to be the man whose body was packed in ice and
photographed at Abu Ghraib. The picture, among a group that depicted degrading
treatment of detainees, has circulated widely on computer networks as one of
most graphic images in the prisoner abuse scandal.

      Neither Specialist Brown nor Specialist Kenner identified Mr. Jamadi by
name, but Mr. Jamadi appears to be the man they described because C.I.A.
officials have said he is the only person who died during an interrogation
carried out by an agency employee. Both men said that the detainee had been
brought to Abu Ghraib by an "O.G.A.," or other government agency, which usually
referred to the C.I.A. or another intelligence agency.

      The two witnesses' statements are significant because the C.I.A.'s
inspector general is investigating the death of Mr. Jamadi, along with two other
deaths in which C.I.A. or contract workers for the agency were involved. One was
in western Iraq in November 2003, the other in Afghanistan in June 2003. The
Justice Department is also examining the three deaths to decide whether to open
a criminal investigation into the matter.

      A senior intelligence official said that Mr. Jamadi was hooded when he was
picked up at the Baghdad airport after being captured earlier in the day by Navy
Seals and that he had never been touched by C.I.A. interrogators or translators.
A spokesman for the Seals has said the detainee had not been mistreated by its
personnel. The witness accounts were first reported Tuesday by The Los Angeles
Times.

      On Tuesday, the Pentagon formally adopted regulations for dealing with the
hardest-core detainees at the prison at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, who might be held
for years, because they are judged to remain a threat to United States forces.
The regulations provide for a quasi-parole board of three military officers who
would conduct an annual review to determine if the detainees have ceased to be a
threat and may be released.

      The prisoners could have their home governments and family members take
part in the review. Officials said, however, that the proceedings would be
closed to the public because they would involve discussion of classified issues.

      Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld met for about three hours behind
closed doors with House Republicans on Tuesday to discuss a range of Iraq
issues, but Representative Duncan Hunter, Republican of California and chairman
of the House Armed Services Committee, said lawmakers had agreed to say nothing
after the session, and Mr. Rumsfeld did not speak publicly.

      On Wednesday, the first court-martial of a soldier accused of abusing
Iraqi detainees, Specialist Jeremy C. Sivits of the Army, opens in Baghdad. On
Tuesday, New York-based Human Rights Watch said the American occupation
authorities had denied Iraqi and international human rights groups requests
permission to attend the trial.


      Reporting for this article was contributed by David E. Sanger, David
Johnston, Carl Hulse and Neil A. Lewis.



      Copyright 2004 The New York Times Company | Home | Privacy Policy | Search
| Corrections | Help | Back to Top

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    <TD vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft><IMG alt=3D"The New York Times" =
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      <H5>May 19, 2004</H5><NYT_HEADLINE version=3D"1.0" type=3D" ">
      <H2>Officer Says Army Tried to Curb Red Cross Visits to Prison in=20
      Iraq</H2></NYT_HEADLINE><NYT_BYLINE version=3D"1.0" type=3D" =
"><FONT=20
      size=3D-1><STRONG>By DOUGLAS JEHL and ERIC=20
      SCHMITT</STRONG></FONT><BR></NYT_BYLINE>
      <TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 align=3Dright border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR>
          <TD></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><NYT_TEXT>
      <P><IMG height=3D33 alt=3DW=20
      src=3D"http://graphics7.nytimes.com/images/dropcap/w.gif" =
width=3D46=20
      align=3Dleft border=3D0>ASHINGTON, May 18 =97 Army officials in =
Iraq responded=20
      late last year to a Red Cross report of abuses at Abu Ghraib =
prison by=20
      trying to curtail the international agency's spot inspections of =
the=20
      prison, a senior Army officer who served in Iraq said Tuesday. =
</P>
      <P>After the International Committee of the Red Cross observed =
abuses in=20
      one cellblock on two unannounced inspections in October and =
complained in=20
      writing on Nov. 6, the military responded that inspectors should =
make=20
      appointments before visiting the cellblock. That area was the site =
of the=20
      worst abuses.</P>
      <P>The Red Cross report in November was the earliest formal =
evidence known=20
      to have been presented to the military's headquarters in Baghdad =
before=20
      January, when photographs of the abuses came to the attention of =
criminal=20
      investigators and prompted a broad investigation. But the senior =
Army=20
      officer said the military did not start any criminal investigation =
before=20
      it replied to the Red Cross on Dec. 24.</P>
      <P>The Red Cross report was made after its inspectors witnessed or =
heard=20
      about such practices as holding Iraqi prisoners naked in dark =
concrete=20
      cells for several days at a time and forcing them to wear women's=20
      underwear on their heads while being paraded and photographed.</P>
      <P>Until now, the Army had described its response on Dec. 24 as =
evidence=20
      that the military was prompt in addressing Red Cross complaints, =
but it=20
      has declined to release the contents of the Army document, citing =
the=20
      tradition of confidentiality in dealing with the international =
agency.</P>
      <P>An Army spokesman declined Tuesday to characterize the letter =
or to=20
      discuss what it said about the Red Cross's access to the =
cellblock.</P>
      <P>In an interview, however, Brig. Gen. Janis Karpinski, commander =
of the=20
      800th Military Police Brigade, whose soldiers guarded the =
prisoners, said=20
      that despite the serious allegations in the Red Cross report, =
senior=20
      officers in Baghdad had treated it in "a light-hearted =
manner."</P>
      <P>She said that she signed the Army's response on Dec. 24, but =
that it=20
      had been drafted primarily by Army lawyers who reported to Lt. =
Gen.=20
      Ricardo S. Sanchez, the top American commander in Iraq.</P>
      <P>General Karpinski said she did not see the Red Cross complaint =
until=20
      late November, and questioned how the staff judge advocate for =
General=20
      Sanchez, and his team of lawyers, had dealt with the matter. "It =
was an=20
      unusual routing because they had possession of it before I knew =
the letter=20
      existed," she said of the Red Cross complaint.</P>
      <P>"If I had been informed, and I had been drawn into this in any =
way, I=20
      would have said, `Hold on a second, because not in my facility you =
don't,'=20
      " General Karpinski said of the abuses detailed in the report by =
the=20
      International Committee of the Red Cross, which she said she did =
not see=20
      until at least two weeks after it was submitted. "We followed the =
rules,=20
      and we gave unrestricted access to the I.C.R.C., and it validated =
our=20
      operations, actually."</P>
      <P>General Karpinski, who has been disciplined for her performance =
as=20
      commander at the prison, would not say whether she had objected to =
any=20
      part of the Dec. 24 letter at the time. It was unclear whether she =
had=20
      felt compelled to sign a letter drafted by aides to her =
superiors.</P>
      <P>For several months in Iraq, Red Cross inspectors had exercised =
the=20
      right to drop in on Army-run prisons without notifying prison =
officials in=20
      advance.</P>
      <P>The senior Army officer questioned the rationale for the Army's =

      assertion in November that Red Cross visits should be =
scheduled.</P>
      <P>"I know what they were communicating in that letter: They =
wanted the=20
      I.C.R.C. to schedule visits for those particular cellblocks, =
because it=20
      could interrupt any of the military intelligence," said the =
officer. "The=20
      position that they were taking was that the I.C.R.C. could not =
have=20
      unrestricted access to those particular cellblocks."</P>
      <P>Other top Army officers in Washington have said the behavior =
described=20
      by the Red Cross in October had warranted a criminal =
investigation.</P>
      <P>"I do not know if she in fact started an investigation into =
those,=20
      because they are serious," Lt. Gen. Keith Alexander, the head of =
Army=20
      intelligence, told the Senate Armed Services Committee on May 11. =
"As soon=20
      as we hear about one of those allegations, an investigation should =
begin=20
      right away and we shouldn't wait for it."</P>
      <P>General Alexander told senators that the abuses Red Cross =
inspectors=20
      witnessed "sounded the same as some of the abuses that we're =
seeing" in=20
      photographs taken by military guards that are now circulating=20
      worldwide.</P>
      <P>In an interview on Tuesday, the White House general counsel, =
Alberto R.=20
      Gonzales, said he had not been aware that the issue of whether the =
Red=20
      Cross should be allowed to conduct such inspections was a point of =

      dispute. He added, however, that he might have had "concerns" =
about=20
      allowing such inspections.</P>
      <P>"Part of the concerns is whether or not there were =
interrogations that=20
      might be interrupted under a spot check," Mr. Gonzales said. =
"Obviously,=20
      we would work with the I.C.R.C. to arrange visits" under =
appropriate=20
      circumstances, he said.</P>
      <P>While he said he could not speak for everyone at the White =
House, he=20
      added that "I don't recall being made aware" of the issue.</P>
      <P>The Red Cross report and General Karpinski's comments seem at =
odds with=20
      the accounts of other senior military officials.</P>
      <P>Earlier this month, Lt. Gen. Lance Smith, the deputy commander =
of=20
      American forces in the Middle East, told senators that the =
military had no=20
      inkling of the magnitude of the prisoner abuses until a soldier =
turned=20
      over copies of incriminating pictures to investigators on Jan. =
13.</P>
      <P>"There were reports that there was trouble in those places, but =
not of=20
      the character we're talking about here," General Smith said. He =
said that=20
      after General Karpinski's Dec. 24 letter, improvements were made =
at the=20
      prison.</P>
      <P>"The I.C.R.C. came back and visited 4 through 8 January and =
they =97 the=20
      indication from there was that there were improvements," he =
said.</P>
      <P>The disclosures about the Army's response to the Red Cross =
complaints=20
      came as new details emerged about the death of an Iraqi prisoner =
in C.I.A.=20
      custody last fall.</P>
      <P>Central Intelligence Agency officers who brought a hooded man =
to Abu=20
      Ghraib ordered military guards at the prison not to remove the =
empty=20
      sandbag that covered his head, according to the sworn testimony of =
a=20
      military guard. Only after the prisoner slumped over dead during=20
      questioning was the hood removed, revealing that the man had =
severe facial=20
      injuries.</P>
      <P>The incident was described in testimony at a closed hearing =
early last=20
      month in the case of Sgt. Javal S. Davis, one of the accused =
prison=20
      guards. The statements were made by two members of Sergeant =
Davis's unit,=20
      Specialists Bruce Brown and Jason A. Kenner. Their testimony =
appears to=20
      provide fresh clues to the mysterious death of a man identified by =
the=20
      American authorities only by his last name, Jamadi.</P>
      <P>Mr. Jamadi is believed to be the man whose body was packed in =
ice and=20
      photographed at Abu Ghraib. The picture, among a group that =
depicted=20
      degrading treatment of detainees, has circulated widely on =
computer=20
      networks as one of most graphic images in the prisoner abuse =
scandal.</P>
      <P>Neither Specialist Brown nor Specialist Kenner identified Mr. =
Jamadi by=20
      name, but Mr. Jamadi appears to be the man they described because =
C.I.A.=20
      officials have said he is the only person who died during an =
interrogation=20
      carried out by an agency employee. Both men said that the detainee =
had=20
      been brought to Abu Ghraib by an "O.G.A.," or other government =
agency,=20
      which usually referred to the C.I.A. or another intelligence =
agency.</P>
      <P>The two witnesses' statements are significant because the =
C.I.A.'s=20
      inspector general is investigating the death of Mr. Jamadi, along =
with two=20
      other deaths in which C.I.A. or contract workers for the agency =
were=20
      involved. One was in western Iraq in November 2003, the other in=20
      Afghanistan in June 2003. The Justice Department is also examining =
the=20
      three deaths to decide whether to open a criminal investigation =
into the=20
      matter.</P>
      <P>A senior intelligence official said that Mr. Jamadi was hooded =
when he=20
      was picked up at the Baghdad airport after being captured earlier =
in the=20
      day by Navy Seals and that he had never been touched by C.I.A.=20
      interrogators or translators. A spokesman for the Seals has said =
the=20
      detainee had not been mistreated by its personnel. The witness =
accounts=20
      were first reported Tuesday by The Los Angeles Times.</P>
      <P>On Tuesday, the Pentagon formally adopted regulations for =
dealing with=20
      the hardest-core detainees at the prison at Guant=E1namo Bay, =
Cuba, who=20
      might be held for years, because they are judged to remain a =
threat to=20
      United States forces. The regulations provide for a quasi-parole =
board of=20
      three military officers who would conduct an annual review to =
determine if=20
      the detainees have ceased to be a threat and may be released.</P>
      <P>The prisoners could have their home governments and family =
members take=20
      part in the review. Officials said, however, that the proceedings =
would be=20
      closed to the public because they would involve discussion of =
classified=20
      issues.</P>
      <P>Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld met for about three =
hours=20
      behind closed doors with House Republicans on Tuesday to discuss a =
range=20
      of Iraq issues, but Representative Duncan Hunter, Republican of =
California=20
      and chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, said lawmakers =
had=20
      agreed to say nothing after the session, and Mr. Rumsfeld did not =
speak=20
      publicly.</P>
      <P>On Wednesday, the first court-martial of a soldier accused of =
abusing=20
      Iraqi detainees, Specialist Jeremy C. Sivits of the Army, opens in =

      Baghdad. On Tuesday, New York-based Human Rights Watch said the =
American=20
      occupation authorities had denied Iraqi and international human =
rights=20
      groups requests permission to attend the trial. </P><!--author id =
start -->
      <P></P>
      <P><EM>Reporting for this article was contributed by David E. =
Sanger,=20
      David Johnston, Carl Hulse and Neil A. =
Lewis.</EM></P></NYT_TEXT><BR>
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