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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Oh, just reading this – Child Support is it’s own world because the courts don’t want folks who aren’t paying to have a windfall and still not pay to the detriment of a
child that should otherwise be supported by that person. I would have to do a little research if I had the facts you do. DCS though, in my guess, would only have rights as against an heir on what, if anything the heir is entitled to after other proper creditors
(including DSHS) of the decedent are paid.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Script MT Bold"">Diane J. Kiepe<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Script MT Bold""><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Diane J. Kiepe<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Douglas Eden<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">717 W. Sprague Ave.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="mailto:djkiepe@depdslaw.com"><span style="color:#0563C1">djkiepe@depdslaw.com</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">509-455-5300<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com <wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Eric Nelsen<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, January 3, 2023 3:09 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> WSBA Probate & Trust Listserv <wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [WSBAPT] case law on estate not liable to HEIR's creditors?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Nick, that’s an interesting wrinkle re DSHS’s argument that the lien attaches to the decedent’s real estate. I agree with you that the DSHS lien
<i>does</i> attach to the heir’s inheritance expectancy in the estate as a whole, meaning the PR can’t make any distribution to the debtor heir without paying the lien debt first. If the heir’s share isn’t enough to pay it off in full, then the debtor heir
gets nothing.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">But as for the decedent’s real estate, I think DSHS’s position doesn’t gain it anything useful if there is a probate administration. The only thing its lien can attached to is property owned by the debtor heir. The debtor heir’s interest
is subject to complete divestment by the probate administration. Even RCW 11.04.250 says that. So the lien “attaches” instantly to the debtor’s inheritance interest but the debtor’s interest is completely subordinate to the Estate’s right to sell the real
property. It’s there so long as the PR doesn’t sell and it’s gone the instant the PR sells. That means the PR can sell the property without having to satisfy the lien, but can’t distribute to the debtor heir until the lien is satisfied.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">If there is no PR ever appointed, though, then DSHS’s assertion of a lien is meaningful. But I question how effective it will be, unless the lien is recorded in the real property records and legally describes the property. I don’t see that
the lien, which is only in the debtor’s name, is ever going to provide notice to a bona fide purchaser, until there is some kind of property record transferring the decedent’s interest to the heir.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Clear as mud.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Eric<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Eric C. Nelsen<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sayre Law Offices, PLLC<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">1417 31st Ave South<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Seattle WA 98144-3909<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">206-625-0092<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="mailto:eric@sayrelawoffices.com">eric@sayrelawoffices.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="background:aqua;mso-highlight:aqua">Covid-19 Update -
</span></b>All attorneys are working remotely during regular business hours and are available via email and by phone. Videoconferencing also is available. Signing of estate planning documents can be completed and will be handled on a case-by-case basis. Please
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> <a href="mailto:wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com">
wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com</a> <<a href="mailto:wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com">wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Nick Pleasants<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, January 3, 2023 2:13 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'WSBA Probate & Trust Listserv' <<a href="mailto:wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com">wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [WSBAPT] case law on estate not liable to HEIR's creditors?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">When I researched this last year, I concluded that an heir’s creditors could have an enforceable lien against the probate estate. The creditor was heir’s ex-spouse who was owed child support, and DCS was handling enforcement. DSHS recorded
a lien for DCS. The decedent had real property that was up for sale in the probate. Title company did not consider the lien against heir to attach to decedent’s property, so we could have sold it without telling DSHS/DCS. However, DCS had a theory that title
in decedent’s real estate immediately vested to the heirs at death, so DCS considered its lien validly attached to decedent’s real property.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Your facts may differ if the heir’s creditor has not already reduced it to judgment, which could then be recorded as a lien. But my impression is that if the creditor obtain judgment against an heir, and then records that judgment in the
county where the decedent has real estate, then it could be considered a lien against the decedent’s real estate based on the instantaneous vesting in
<a href="https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=11.04.250">RCW 11.04.250</a>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I agree with Eric’s point that the estate would at most be a garnishee at the time of distribution. That seems to be the right way to analyze it.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Best, <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Nick<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Nicholas Pleasants | Shareholder
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#70AD47"><img border="0" width="223" height="95" style="width:2.3263in;height:.993in" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D91F92.973CF0E0" alt="OseranHahnAttyatLaw 8"></span><span style="color:#70AD47"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#70AD47"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> <a href="mailto:wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com">
wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com</a> <<a href="mailto:wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com">wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Eric Nelsen<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, January 3, 2023 1:43 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> WSBA Probate & Trust Listserv <<a href="mailto:wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com">wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [WSBAPT] case law on estate not liable to HEIR's creditors?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks Phil!<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I haven’t had much response and there really doesn’t appear to be much case law on point. With a “hail Mary” search in WA case law with the words “heir” “creditor” and “estate” in proximity, the only case that even came close to being useful
was <u>Archer Blower & Pipe Co. v. Archer</u>, 33 Wn.2d 317, 319, 205 P.2d 595 (1949),
<u>citing</u> <u>Island Pond Natl. Bank v. Chase</u>, 101 Vt. 60, 141 A. 474, 59 A.L.R. 766 (1928). In
<u>Archer</u>, the creditor was a true creditor of the decedent, not an heir. But when their claim was rejected they tried to garnish the Estate instead of filing a proper suit. For authority they tried to cite case law regarding an
<i>heir’s</i> creditor garnishing the estate of the decedent. Reading the Vermont case mentioned was at least a little helpful on general principles of when and how an estate might be responsible for paying an heir’s debt.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">For what it’s worth, here’s what I am using in my briefing:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">By naming the Estate as defendant, Plaintiff is effectively suing the Estate for a debt not owed by the Decedent. In litigation, the PR of the estate of a decedent merely substitutes for the deceased person.
If litigation is pending at the time of death, the PR may be substituted for the deceased party.
<u>See</u> RCW 4.20.050; RCW 11.40.110; CR 25(a); <u>Petrarca v. Halligan</u>, 83 Wn.2d 773, 522 P.2d 827 (1974). If the person to be sued is already deceased, a creditor claim is filed, and if rejected, the plaintiff creditor then sues, naming the Estate as
defendant in place of the deceased. <u>See</u> RCW 11.40.010; RCW 11.40.100(1). Such litigation is governed by the same rules as would have applied to the living person.
<u>See, e.g.</u>, <u>Schluneger v. Seattle-First Natl. Bank</u>, 48 Wn.2d 188, 190, 292 P.2d 203 (1956) (creditor litigation is an ordinary civil action, not part of probate procedure).
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:12.0pt">Further, i</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">t is axiomatic to probate administration that an heir’s interest is subject to the claims, fees, expenses, and other necessities of probate administration.
Because of this, an heir’s interest in an estate “may be divested by the process of administration.”
<u>Bickford v. Stewart</u>, 55 Wash. 278, 286, 104 P. 263 (1909). Only after an estate is closed can an heir treat inheritance property as their own.
<u>In re Peterson’s Estate</u>, 12 Wn.2d 686, 734, 123 P.2d 733 (1942). Accordingly, even a garnishment against an heir’s interest in an estate is ineffective until a final decree of distribution has been entered and the heir’s distributive interest is fixed.
<u>Cf</u>. <u>Archer Blower & Pipe Co. v. Archer</u>, 33 Wn.2d 317, 319, 205 P.2d 595 (1949),
<u>citing</u> <u>Island Pond Natl. Bank v. Chase</u>, 101 Vt. 60, 141 A. 474, 59 A.L.R. 766 (1928) (dicta). While the action here is not a garnishment, the principle is clear that Plaintiff may not attack the debtor heir’s inheritance interest by suing the
Estate directly. It also should be clear as a practical matter that a judgment against the Estate cannot be proper relief for Plaintiff, because if the judgment amount exceeded the debtor heir’s actual inheritance, the Decedent’s other heirs would end up liable
for the remainder of the debt. No law or equitable principle supports such a result.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Eric<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Eric C. Nelsen<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sayre Law Offices, PLLC<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">1417 31st Ave South<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Seattle WA 98144-3909<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">206-625-0092<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="mailto:eric@sayrelawoffices.com">eric@sayrelawoffices.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="background:aqua;mso-highlight:aqua">Covid-19 Update -
</span></b>All attorneys are working remotely during regular business hours and are available via email and by phone. Videoconferencing also is available. Signing of estate planning documents can be completed and will be handled on a case-by-case basis. Please
direct mail and deliveries to the Seattle office.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> <a href="mailto:wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com">
wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com</a> <<a href="mailto:wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com">wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Philip N. Jones<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, January 3, 2023 10:52 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> WSBA Probate & Trust Listserv <<a href="mailto:wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com">wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [WSBAPT] case law on estate not liable to HEIR's creditors?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">I don’t have a Washington answer, but I do have an Oregon answer that might lead you to a Washington answer. Here is a paragraph I wrote for an Oregon CLE program:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="Style14ptFirstline05" style="text-indent:0in">A personal representative does not have a duty to creditors of a beneficiary, because the definition of interested persons under ORS 111.005(19) does not include creditors of a beneficiary, and ORS 114.395
provides that a personal representative has duties to interested persons, but does not state that the personal representative has duties to persons outside of that definition. Thus it appears that a personal representative should neither aid a creditor seeking
to collect from a beneficiary, nor aid a beneficiary in concealing assets. However, if a creditor garnishes the distributive share of a beneficiary, then the creditor becomes a distributee/beneficiary, and the personal representative then has duties to that
creditor as a distributee/beneficiary.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="Style14ptFirstline05" style="text-indent:0in">Phil Jones<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Philip N. Jones<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Duffy Kekel LLP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Portland, OR 97204<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><a href="mailto:pjones@duffykekel.com">pjones@duffykekel.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">(503) 226-1371 – office<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">(503) 226-3574 - fax<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> <a href="mailto:wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com">
wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com</a> <<a href="mailto:wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com">wsbapt-bounces@lists.wsbarppt.com</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Eric Nelsen<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, January 3, 2023 9:43 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> WSBA Probate & Trust Listserv <<a href="mailto:wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com">wsbapt@lists.wsbarppt.com</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [WSBAPT] case law on estate not liable to HEIR's creditors?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Happy New Year everyone! I have been circling the drain on research that I am pretty sure is out there—a case that makes clear that an estate is not liable in any way to an heir’s creditors. Can anybody help me with a cite?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Eric<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Eric C. Nelsen<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sayre Law Offices, PLLC<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">1417 31st Ave South<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Seattle WA 98144-3909<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">206-625-0092<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="mailto:eric@sayrelawoffices.com">eric@sayrelawoffices.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="background:aqua;mso-highlight:aqua">Covid-19 Update -
</span></b>All attorneys are working remotely during regular business hours and are available via email and by phone. Videoconferencing also is available. Signing of estate planning documents can be completed and will be handled on a case-by-case basis. Please
direct mail and deliveries to the Seattle office.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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