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<p align="center" style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;text-align:center"><b><span style="margin:0px;line-height:107%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">Suicides
down 29% World-Wide; Up 30% in the U.S.</font></span></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;text-align:center"><a name="_Hlk533584782"><i><span style="margin:0px;line-height:107%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">If
America gave up its guns, suicides would crash.</font></span></i></a></p>
<span style="margin:0px"></span>
<p align="center" style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;text-align:center"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:107%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">—<i>The Economist</i> (11/24/18)</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000"><span style="margin:0px"> </span>In
1972 I moved from Denmark, where I had had taught for one year, to Moscow to
start my career at the University of Idaho. I fell into a conversation with a
student on campus, and I told her how impressed I was with the Danes and their
system of government. She countered with this assertion: “Welfare states cause people
to kill themselves more often than other countries, don’t they”?</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000"><span style="margin:0px"> </span>At
that time the non-socialist Hungarians and the Lithuanians had much higher
suicide rates, but, even so, the Danes took their own lives at a rate twice
that of the U.S. The Danes are very effective in addressing social problems, so
their Danish suicide rate is now 12.8 per 100,000 (Western Europe’s is 13),
while the U.S. rate has risen to 15.3 for the same number of Americans.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000"><span style="margin:0px"> </span>According
to <i>The Economist</i>, the world-wide
suicide rate has decreased 29 percent since 2000. Russia experienced the
largest drop: from 45 per 100,000 to 25.<span style="margin:0px">
</span>Highly competitive South Korea peaked in 2010 at 39 and now stands at
20. China ties with the all-country rate of 10 per 100,000.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">According
to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. rate has risen 30
percent since 1999. Boom and Bust North Dakota suffered a 58 percent increase
in suicides, but Delaware went up only 6 percent. Curiously, Nevada reported no
increase at all. </font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">In 2016,
among the top ten states with the highest rates (21-26 per 100,00), seven were
Red States, and the lowest rates (5-12) were found in 9 Blue States and the
District of Columbia. White majority Montana was the highest at 26 per 1000,000
and black majority D.C. was lowest with 5. In our own state 21 of the same
number killed themselves.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">There are
two major reasons for this alarming phenomenon: (1) many white males without a
college education are caught in deadly web of alcohol and drug abuse; and (2)
troubled veterans below the age of 35 are taking their own lives at
increasingly higher rates. Significantly, all the increase in suicides has been
in the white and native population; the rate among blacks, Hispanics, and
Asians has been level at 5 per 100,000 since 2000.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">A report
from the Government Accountability Office shows that the Veterans Affairs
Department (VA) has done a poor job in addressing military suicides. On average
20 vets kill themselves every day, which, in 2016, was 45 for every 100,000
Americans. Furthermore, vets are 1.5 times more likely to kill themselves with
a gun.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">This year
the VA has spent only $57,000 of the $6.2 million that was appropriated for a
social media campaign to address the issue. The Trump administration has not
filled many of the positions that were tasked for this purpose. Current officials
blame former VA Secretary David Shulkin for not addressing the problem effectively
on his watch, but that is no excuse for them not spending the money to save
vets’ lives.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">If one
calls the Spokane VA Medical Center, the message is as follows: “If you are
having a physical or mental health emergency, hang up and please call 911.” If
vets have thoughts of suicide, they do not get a counselor (as some suicide
hotlines provide); rather, they are given an 800 number to call. Not very
helpful to say the least, and that $6.2 million would provide a lot of trained
professionals to help these troubled soldiers.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000"><span style="margin:0px"> </span>Most
sociological studies show a correlation between religious belief and low
suicide rates. This is especially true in Muslim and South American countries
where, contrary to American and European believers, their citizens take the
prohibition against taking one’s life seriously. The Muslims of Bahrain,
Malaysia, Bangladesh; and the Catholics of Columbia, Brazil, and Ecuador have
the lowest rates in the world.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">Utah has
the highest rate of church attendance, but it has the fifth highest suicide rate.
With some exceptions other church going states also have high rates. People
from New England and most Blue States are the least religious, and have the
lowest rates. </font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">Nearly
twice as many Americans commit suicide with a gun than they do to kill others
with one. A study done by the Boston University School of Public Health found a
strong correlation between gun ownership and suicides. Only 12 percent of those
in Hawaii own weapons, and the state’s suicide rate for males is 5 per 100,000,
while males in Wyoming with 73 percent gun ownership kill themselves at a rate
of 25 per 100,000. The rate is even lower (4) in Massachusetts with the second
lowest gun ownership. </font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000"><span style="margin:0px"> </span>In
2016 the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Policy and Research issued a report that
compared the results of gun law legislation in Missouri and Connecticut. The
researchers found that Connecticut’s background check law resulted in a 15.4
percent drop in suicides. After Missouri repealed a similar law, the number of
its citizens taking their lives with a gun rose 16.1 percent.</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">As a
writer for <i>The Economist</i> predicts: “If
America gave up its guns, suicides would crash.”</font></span></p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 10.66px;line-height:150%;text-indent:0.5in"><span style="margin:0px;line-height:150%;font-family:"Georgia",serif;font-size:12pt"><font color="#000000">Nick Gier
of Moscow taught philosophy at the University of Idaho for 31 years. Email him at </font><span style="margin:0px"><a><u><font color="#0563c1">ngier006@gmail.com</font></u></a></span><font color="#000000">.
</font></span></p>
<font size="3"></font><font color="#000000"></font><font face="Times New Roman"></font><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature" dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div> <div style="width:auto;height:auto"> <div> <div><div><br></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><font size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><div><span style="font-size:13.33px">A society grows great when old men plant trees whose shade they know they shall never sit in. </span><br style="font-size:13.33px"><br style="font-size:13.33px"><span style="font-size:13.33px">-Greek proverb</span></div><div><br>
“Enlightenment is man’s emergence from his self-imposed immaturity.
Immaturity is the inability to use one’s understanding without guidance
from another. This immaturity is self- imposed when its cause lies not
in lack of understanding, but in lack of resolve and courage to use it
without guidance from another. Sapere Aude! ‘Have courage to use your
own understand-ing!—that is the motto of enlightenment.<br>
<br>
--Immanuel Kant<br>
<br><br></div></span></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>