<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)"><!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Georgia;
panose-1:2 4 5 2 5 4 5 2 3 3;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
p.msonormal0, li.msonormal0, div.msonormal0
{mso-style-name:msonormal;
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
span.EmailStyle18
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:#44546A;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'>Roger, is this the article you are referring to?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/19/us/politics/trump-russia-associates-investigation.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/19/us/politics/trump-russia-associates-investigation.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'>The article <b>does not state</b> that Manafort was wire tapped in Trump Towers but rather that some of his Russian contacts were under surveillance. If you, me, or anyone else has contact with foreign operatives under legitimate surveillance by US intelligence agencies, our communications with those targets will – hopefully – be captured, whether we are in Trump Tower or not. That is a <b>far, far</b> different thing than claiming you or I were the <b>subject</b> of a wire tapped.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'>Oh, and Trump Tower is <b>not</b> mentioned in the article at all.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'>I’m not sure where your misunderstanding comes from, but I have seen that incorrect spin from several biased sources.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'>With the rise of the dangerous alt-right and Trump’s “alternative facts” nonsense, it’s incumbent on each of us to work diligently to avoid being suckered.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'>HTH,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'>Saundra<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>The moral test of government is how it treats those who are in the dawn of life, the children; those who are in the twilight of life, the aged; and those who are in the shadows of life, the sick, the needy and the handicapped.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>~ Hubert Horatio Humphrey<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> vision2020-bounces@moscow.com [mailto:vision2020-bounces@moscow.com] <b>On Behalf Of </b>lfalen<br><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 7, 2017 11:49 AM<br><b>To:</b> Nicholas Gier <ngier006@gmail.com>; vision2020 <vision2020@moscow.com><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Vision2020] Trump can be impeached for his charge about Obama Wire Tapping<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>I do not know if the Obama administration wire taped Trump or not. The New York Time in January had an article that said The Obama Administration Wire taped Monafort in the Trump Tower.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Is this true or not. If it false, what is their liability?<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Roger <br><br><br><o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='border:none;border-left:solid #777777 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;margin-left:3.75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>-----Original Message----- <br>Subject: [Vision2020] Trump can be impeached for his charge about Obama Wire Tapping <br>From: "Nicholas Gier" <<a href="mailto:ngier006@gmail.com">ngier006@gmail.com</a>> <br>To: vision2020 <<a href="mailto:vision2020@moscow.com">vision2020@moscow.com</a>> <br>Date: 03/07/17 18:14:10 <o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;background:#FAFAFA;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'><a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2017-03-06/trump-s-wiretap-tweets-raise-risk-of-impeachment"><span style='color:black'>www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2017-03-06/trump-s-wiretap-tweets-raise-risk-of-impeachment</span> </a></span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-top:3.75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>Trump's Wiretap Tweets Raise Risk of Impeachment</span> </b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1.2pt'>MARCH 6, 2017 1:42 PM EST</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>By <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/view/contributors/AFZ_b1F72Xw/noah-feldman"><span style='color:black'>Noah Feldman</span> </a></span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>The sitting president <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2017-03-04/trump-calls-obama-sick-claims-trump-tower-was-wiretapped"><span style='color:black'>has accused</span> </a>his predecessor of an act that could have gotten the past president impeached. That's not your ordinary exercise of free speech. If the accusation were true, and President Barack Obama ordered a warrantless wiretap of Donald Trump during the campaign, the scandal would be of Watergate-level proportions.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>But if the allegation is not true and is unsupported by evidence, that too should be a scandal on a major scale. This is the kind of accusation that, taken as part of a broader course of conduct, could get the current president impeached. We shouldn't care that the allegation was made early on a Saturday morning on Twitter.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>The basic premise of the First Amendment is that truth should defeat her opposite number. "Let her and Falsehood grapple," wrote the poet and politician John Milton, "who ever knew Truth put to the worse in a free and open encounter?"</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>But this rather optimistic adage only accounts for speech and debate between citizens. It doesn't apply to accusations made by the government. Those are something altogether different.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>In a rule of law society, government allegations of criminal activity must be followed by proof and prosecution. If not, the government is ruling by innuendo.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>Shadowy dictatorships can do that because there is no need for proof. Democracies can't.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>Thus, an accusation by a president isn't like an accusation leveled by one private citizen against another. It's about more than factual truth or carelessness.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>The government's special responsibility has two bases. One is that you can't sue the government for false and defamatory speech. If I accused Obama of wiretapping my phone, he could sue me for libel. If my statement was knowingly false, I'd have to pay up. On the other hand, if the president makes the same statement, he can't be sued in his official capacity. And a private libel suit mostly likely wouldn't go anywhere against a sitting president -- for <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-11-11/supreme-court-never-imagined-a-litigant-like-president-trump"><span style='color:black'>good reason</span> </a>, because the president shouldn't be encumbered by lawsuits while in office.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>The second reason the government has to be careful about making unprovable allegations is that its bully pulpit is greater than any other. True, as an ex-president, Obama can defend himself publicly and has plenty of access to the news media. But even he doesn't have the audience that Trump now has. And essentially any other citizen would have far less capacity to mount a defense than Obama.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>For these reasons, it's a mistake to say simply that Trump's accusation against Obama is protected by the First Amendment.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>False and defamatory speech isn't protected by the First Amendment.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>And an allegation of potentially criminal misconduct made without evidence is itself a form of serious misconduct by the government official who makes it.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>When candidate Trump said Hillary Clinton was a criminal who belonged in prison, he was exposing himself to a libel suit. And the suit might not have succeeded, because Trump could have said he was making a political argument rather than an allegation of fact.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>But when President Trump accuses Obama of an act that would have been impeachable and possibly criminal, that's something much more serious than libel. If it isn't true or provable, it's misconduct by the highest official of the executive branch.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>How is such misconduct by an official to be addressed? There's a common-law tort of malicious prosecution, but that probably doesn't apply when the government official has no intention to prosecute.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>The answer is that the constitutional remedy for presidential misconduct is impeachment.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>That would have been the correct remedy if Obama had "ordered" a wiretap of the Republican presidential candidate's phones. The president has no such legal authority. Only a court can order a domestic wiretap, and that only after a showing of probable cause by the Department of Justice and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>Breaking the law by tapping Trump's phones would have been an abuse of executive power that implicated the democratic process itself. Impeachment is the remedy for such a serious abuse of the executive office.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>That includes abuse of office in the form of serious accusations against political opponents if they turn out to be false and made without evidence. These, too, deform the democratic process.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>The Constitution speaks of impeachment for "high crimes and misdemeanors." A lot of ink has been spilled over these words, which date back at least to impeachment <a href="http://www.brepolsonline.net/doi/abs/10.1484/J.MSS.3.1152"><span style='color:black'>proceedings</span> </a>in the 14th century. This isn't the place for a detailed analysis.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>Suffice it to say that what makes crimes "high" is that they pertain to the exercise of government office. That's exactly what accusations by the executive are: actions that take on their distinctive meaning because they are made by government officials.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>What's more, government acts that distort and undercut the democratic process are especially serious and worthy of impeachment. The Watergate break-in to the Democratic National Committee headquarters was part of an effort to steal the 1972 election. A wiretap of Trump's campaign would've had political implications.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>And accusing the past Democratic president of an impeachable offense is every bit as harmful to democracy, assuming it isn't true. Obama is the best-known and most popular Democrat in the country. The effect of attacking him isn't just to weaken him personally, but to weaken the political opposition to Trump's administration.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:black'>Given how great the executive's power is, accusations by the president can't be treated asymmetrically. If the alleged action would be impeachable if true, so must be the allegation if false. Anything else would give the president the power to distort democracy by calling his opponents criminals without ever having to prove it.</span> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>-- <o:p></o:p></p><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>A society grows great when old men plant trees whose shade they know they shall never sit in. <br><br>-Greek proverb </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><br>"Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-imposed immaturity. Immaturity is the inability to use one's understanding without guidance from another. This immaturity is self- imposed when its cause lies not in lack of understanding, but in lack of resolve and courage to use it without guidance from another. Sapere Aude! 'Have courage to use your own understand-ing!-that is the motto of enlightenment. <br><br>--Immanuel Kant <br><br></span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center></div><p class=MsoNormal>======================================================= <br>List services made available by First Step Internet, <br>serving the communities of the Palouse since 1994. <br> <a href="http://www.fsr.net">http://www.fsr.net</a> <br> mailto: <a href="http://index.html?_n%5Bp%5D%5Bmain%5D=win.main.tree&_n%5Bp%5D%5Bcontent%5D=mail.compose&to=Vision2020@moscow.com" target="_top">Vision2020@moscow.com</a> <br>=======================================================<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></body></html>