<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body dir="auto"><div><span></span></div><div><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><div><span></span></div><div><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><div>Courtesy of today's (October 1, 2015) Moscow-Pullman Daily News with a special note of thanks to Nick Gier.</div><div id="AppleMailSignature"><br></div><div id="AppleMailSignature">---------------------------------</div><div id="AppleMailSignature"><h1 id="blox-asset-title" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; font-size: 30px; outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 400; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 34px;"><span class="blox-headline entry-title" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); line-height: 38px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">His View: The follies of document fundamentalism</span></h1><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">At tea party gatherings, pocket Constitutions are handed out as eagerly as the Gideons distribute New Testaments on our campuses every year. The message is clear: read God's word and you will be redeemed, and read the Constitution and the country will be saved. In each case there are those who will very confidently tell you what the texts' original intent and meaning are.</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">The Bible and the Constitution are similar in that they were written by multiple authors, but the two are different in that the Bible was written in three different languages over a period of a thousand years with little or no information about the intent of the authors or the original meaning of the words.</span></p><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">The biblical passage that most pertains to constitutional rights is the one that states that human beings are created in the "image of God" (Genesis 1:26). Nowhere in the Bible is this concept explained; indeed, it is rarely mentioned.</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">Early Church Fathers fell back on Greek philosophy for the meaning that humans are created as moral and rational beings. With the rise of liberal democracy, Christian theologians argued the "image of God" meant that all human are equal and have intrinsic value.</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">We now have archaeological evidence that shows that this interpretation is not the original meaning. The ancient inscription is the linguistic equivalent of "likeness and image of God," and it means that Adam and Eve were God's sole representatives on Earth, standing as a king would to his subjects, ruling them by divine right.</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">This explains the fact that Christ alone has the "image of God" in the New Testament (Colossians 1:15), and in one passage only the man has it in relation to ruling his wife (1 Corinthians 7:11). This hierarchical view of human relations also squares with the ancient Hebrew belief that women, counted as men's property, were worth only three-fifths the value of a man, with the elderly having less value and young children even less (Leviticus 27:1-7).</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">Some might object, saying that the laws of Leviticus no longer apply, but some Christians want to use the same laws to condemn gays and lesbians to death. Originalism in the Bible and the Constitution fails as a theory when people start applying it in some instances but not in others.</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">Conservative jurists insist on following the original meaning of the Constitution, but they do not always agree. Some originalists believe that the authors of the 14th Amendment would not have supported school desegregation, but Robert Bork strongly disagrees. Justice Antonin Scalia believes that the 14th Amendment does not support a woman's right to vote because female suffrage was not in the minds of the amendment's authors.</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">With regard to abortion, originalists demand to know where one can find the right to privacy in the Constitution. But then where does it say that corporations are legal persons? This was the assumption used by conservative jurists to decide that corporations should not be limited in their financial support for political campaigns. At the time of the nation's founding, personhood was limited to human beings and God.</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">Returning to the parallel between legal and biblical originalism, I want to point out a troublesome irony. Judges who are nominated to serve on our courts are expected to have the best legal education and to have displayed excellence in the legal profession.</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">Many conservative Christians, however, have nothing but disdain for scholars who have spent their lives learning difficult languages and/or laboring in archaeological sites searching for the original places and meanings of biblical texts.</span></p></div><div class="encrypted-content" style="outline: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; float: none !important;"><p style="outline: 0px; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 24px; background-image: none; float: none !important;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">There is at least consistency - but certainly no virtue - in those who reject the expertise of both judges and biblical scholars. In these essential areas of national import they arrogate all decision making to their own ill-informed minds</span></p></div></div><div id="AppleMailSignature">---------------------------------<br><br><div><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">Seeya 'round town, Moscow, because . . .</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><br></span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">"Moscow Cares" (the most fun you can have with your pants on)</span></div><div><a href="http://www.moscowcares.com/" style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><font color="#000000">http://www.MoscowCares.com</font></a></div><div><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"> </span></div><div><div><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">Tom Hansen</span></div><div><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);">Moscow, Idaho</span></div></div><div> </div></div></div></div></body></html>