<div dir="ltr"><div>Good Morning Visionaries:</div><div><br></div><div>I dusted off this exercise in the philosophy of religion from the time of Katrina and I'm reissuing it once again.</div><div><br></div><div>One Oklahoma official said that it was wonderful that God saved those who survived. But if God was the cause of the storm, then why didn't he save those who did not make it? I address the issue of Satan below.</div>
<div><br></div><div>The problem of evil and the very unsatisfactory answer from the Abrahamic religions is one of the primary reasons why good, rational people become atheists.</div><div><br></div><div>On this Memorial Day I send out my own tribute to those were served, and also those, such as Rosie the Riveter and my UP train master father, who made sure that war machines were built and that those machines and soldiers got to where they were needed.</div>
<div><br></div><div>Nick</div><div><br></div><div><p class="" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><b><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">THE GOOD LORD JUST DONE GAVE US A WHUPPIN’!</span></b></p>
<p class="" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><b><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">NATURAL DISASTERS AS THE WRATH OF GOD?</span></b></p><p class="" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:19.428571701049805px">
<span style="color:black;font-family:Georgia,serif">I make peace and create evil; I the Lord do all these things.</span><br></p><p class="" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif;color:black">~Isaiah 45:7 (Anchor Bible)</span></p>
<p class="" style="line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif"> </span><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Why do bad things happen to good people? Why do the wicked get away with murder and the innocent die in disasters such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and terrorist attacks?</span><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif"> </span><br>
</p><p class="" style="line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif"> After Katrina hit, a man gave this explanation to NPR: “The Good Lord just done gave us a whuppin’.” </span><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif;text-indent:0.5in">This is the Pat Robertson answer: all of us are being punished for the sins of homosexuals, abortionists, and their liberal supporters.</span><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif;text-indent:0.5in"> </span><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif;text-indent:0.5in">Most of us, however, are repulsed by such an outrageous and poisonous diagnosis.</span></p>
<p class="" style="line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif"> In Agatha Christie’s <i>Then There Were None</i>, one of the characters opines that those who had been murdered were “struck down of the wrath of God.” Justice Wargrave was not convinced: “Providence leaves the work of conviction and chastisement to us mortals.” </span></p>
<p class="" style="line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif"> Justice Wargrave is a good Confucian in holding a doctrine of General Providence. In this view, held also by Presidents Washington and Lincoln, God presides over a world that operates by natural laws and in which humans govern their own affairs. </span></p>
<p class="" style="line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif"> On the other hand, the Abrahamic religions--Judaism, Christianity, and Islam-- believe in Special Providence. This means that God chooses particular prophets or saviors that embody divine authority, and God then intervenes in history as an expression of divine will and judgment.</span></p>
<p class="" style="line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif"> There is a difference between moral evils and natural evils. The first is the result of humans choosing to do good or evil. For orthodox Christians the prototypical moral evil was Adam and Eve’s choice to disobey God in the Garden of Eden. </span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Natural or physical evil is defined as that which is not the result of any human will: disease (both physical and mental) and natural disasters. In a theology in which God is all powerful, it must be God who wills these conditions and events to happen.</span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Recently some Christian legislators in Oklahoma tried to change the language of their insurance law, which called natural disasters “acts of God.” For them Satan was the cause of all evil, and they thought it was blasphemy to make God responsible for these horrible events.</span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Orthodox Christians, however, have always rejected the heresy of Manicheanism, a view that undermines God’s power by holding that there is another cosmic power that competes with God. </span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Following the Book of Job, where it is clear that Satan operates only with the permission and delegated power of God, Christian theologians have consistently declared that even Satan is empowered by God. In the end Job’s brothers and sisters “comforted him for all the evil the Lord brought upon him” (42:11).</span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Martin Luther expressed the point most clearly: “Since God moves and does all, we must take it that he moves and acts even in Satan and the godless; . . . evil things are done with God himself setting them in motion.”</span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">How do Christian theologians justify God doing evil? Here is one rationale: God cannot abide the moral evils committed by humans, so God must show that justice must prevail. </span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Natural disasters are simply dramatic previews of the Last Judgment, when divine justice will finally be done. If God is performing justice, then God is doing <i>good</i>, not evil. We would call a judge who let all criminals off the hook a bad judge, wouldn’t we?</span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Let’s take a closer look at this solution to the problem of evil. There is something important that has been forgotten. </span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">When the former Manichee St. Augustine discussed the Fall of Adam and Eve, he made a very interesting concession: “Our first parents fell into disobedience because they were already secretly corrupted.” </span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Adam and Eve were already corrupted because they had “deficient wills.” But who was responsible for their deficient wills? They could be only if they had created themselves. The only answer is that God created them finite, fragile, and corruptible. </span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">I submit that General Providence is a much more coherent view if people are going to continue their belief in God. The Confucians and Stoics also believed that God is not a Creator. Rather, God is coeternal with a universe that operates according to natural laws and contains rational beings that freely choose their own destinies.</span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Following Justice Wargrave, we are solely responsible for our own “convictions and chastisements.” Louisiana and New Orleans government officials are responsible for not being prepared for the big storm they knew was coming. And God had nothing to do with it, and she certainly does not stand ready with a whip to punish her children.</span></p>
<p class="" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:19.428571701049805px"><span style="font-family:Georgia,serif">Nick Gier taught religion and philosophy at the University of Idaho for 31 years.</span></p></div></div>