<div dir="ltr"><h1 id="headline" class=""><a href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130512140946.htm">http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130512140946.htm</a><br></h1><h1 id="headline" class="">Climate Change Will Cause Widespread Global-Scale Loss of Common Plants and Animals, Researchers Predict</h1>
<p id="first"><span class="">May 12, 2013</span> — More than
half of common plants and one third of the animals could see a dramatic
decline this century due to climate change, according to research from
the University of East Anglia.</p><p>Research published today in the journal <em>Nature Climate Change</em>
looked at 50,000 globally widespread and common species and found that
more than one half of the plants and one third of the animals will lose
more than half of their climatic range by 2080 if nothing is done to
reduce the amount of global warming and slow it down.
</p><p>This means that geographic ranges of common plants and animals will
shrink globally and biodiversity will decline almost everywhere.</p>
<p>Plants, reptiles and particularly amphibians are expected to be at
highest risk. Sub-Saharan Africa, Central America, Amazonia and
Australia would lose the most species of plants and animals. And a major
loss of plant species is projected for North Africa, Central Asia and
South-eastern Europe.</p>
<p>But acting quickly to mitigate climate change could reduce losses by
60 per cent and buy an additional 40 years for species to adapt. This is
because this mitigation would slow and then stop global temperatures
from rising by more than two degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial
times (1765). Without this mitigation, global temperatures could rise by
4 degrees Celsius by 2100.</p>
<p>The study was led by Dr Rachel Warren from UEA's school of
Environmental Sciences and the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change
Research. Collaborators include Dr.Jeremy VanDerWal at James Cook
University in Australia and Dr Jeff Price, also at UEA's school of
Environmental Sciences and the Tyndall Centre. The research was funded
by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC).</p>
<p>Dr Warren said: "While there has been much research on the effect of
climate change on rare and endangered species, little has been known
about how an increase in global temperature will affect more common
species.</p>
<p>"This broader issue of potential range loss in widespread species is a
serious concern as even small declines in these species can
significantly disrupt ecosystems.</p>
<p>"Our research predicts that climate change will greatly reduce the
diversity of even very common species found in most parts of the world.
This loss of global-scale biodiversity would significantly impoverish
the biosphere and the ecosystem services it provides.</p>
<p>"We looked at the effect of rising global temperatures, but other
symptoms of climate change such as extreme weather events, pests, and
diseases mean that our estimates are probably conservative. Animals in
particular may decline more as our predictions will be compounded by a
loss of food from plants.</p>
<p>"There will also be a knock-on effect for humans because these
species are important for things like water and air purification, flood
control, nutrient cycling, and eco-tourism.</p>
<p>"The good news is that our research provides crucial new evidence of how swift action to reduce CO<sub>2</sub>
and other greenhouse gases can prevent the biodiversity loss by
reducing the amount of global warming to 2 degrees Celsius rather than 4
degrees. This would also buy time -- up to four decades -- for plants
and animals to adapt to the remaining 2 degrees of climate change."</p>
<p>The research team quantified the benefits of acting now to mitigate
climate change and found that up to 60 per cent of the projected
climatic range loss for biodiversity can be avoided.</p>
<p>Dr Warren said: "Prompt and stringent action to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions globally would reduce these biodiversity losses by 60 per
cent if global emissions peak in 2016, or by 40 per cent if emissions
peak in 2030, showing that early action is very beneficial. This will
both reduce the amount of climate change and also slow climate change
down, making it easier for species and humans to adapt."</p>
<p>Information on the current distributions of the species used in this
research came from the datasets shared online by hundreds of volunteers,
scientists and natural history collections through the Global
Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF).</p>
<p>Co-author Dr Jeff Price, also from UEA's school of Environmental
Studies, said: "Without free and open access to massive amounts of data
such as those made available online through GBIF, no individual
researcher is able to contact every country, every museum, every
scientist holding the data and pull it all together. So this research
would not be possible without GBIF and its global community of
researchers and volunteers who make their data freely available."</p><p>---------------------------------------------</p><p>Vision2020 Post: Ted Moffett<br></p></div>