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<div class=""> </div></div><div id="opinionator"><div align="left"><span class="" title="2013-03-03T21:00:49+00:00">March 3, 2013, <span>9:00 pm</span></span><h3 class="">A Sneaky Way to Deregulate</h3><address class="">By <a href="http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/author/steven-rattner/" class="" title="See all posts by STEVEN RATTNER">STEVEN RATTNER</a></address><div class="">
<p>SLAPPING
a catchy acronym like the JOBS Act on a piece of legislation makes it
more difficult for politicians to oppose it — and indeed that’s what
happened with the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act.</p><p>Unveiled a
year ago by House Republican leaders, the proposal was rushed into law
with large majorities just two months later; its provisions are
gradually taking effect.</p><p>Its enticing acronym notwithstanding, the
JOBS Act has little to do with employment; it’s a hodgepodge of
provisions that together constitute the greatest loosening of securities
regulation in modern history.<br><br>Most troublesome is the
legalization of “crowd funding,” the ability of start-up companies to
raise capital from small investors on the Internet. While such lightly
regulated capital raising has existed for years, until now, “investors”
could receive only trinkets and other items of small value, similar to
the way public television raises funds. As soon as regulations required
to implement the new rules are completed, people who invest money in
start-ups through sites similar to Kickstarter will be able to receive a
financial interest in the soliciting company, much like buying shares
on the stock exchange. But the enterprises soliciting these funds will
hardly be big corporations like Wal-Mart or Exxon; they will be small
start-ups with no track records.</p><p>Picking winners among the many
young companies seeking money is a tough business, even for the most
sophisticated investors. Indeed, most professionally run venture funds
lose money. For individuals, it’s pure folly. Buy a lottery ticket
instead. Your chance of winning is likely to be higher.</p><p>Supporters say the amounts that can be lost will be limited. But an American earning $40,000 can still risk $2,000 per year.</p><p>Other major provisions of the JOBS Act are less terrifying but still problematic.</p>
<p>For
the first time, private equity and hedge funds will be able to
advertise — and thereby separate inexpert individuals from their
savings. Putting money in these alternatives is yet another type of
investing that Americans shouldn’t try at home. Until now, only a small
percentage of Americans who qualified to invest this way (the law
requires they have an income of $200,000 per year for an individual or a
net worth of $1 million) did so. The possibility that advertising will
lure more people to participate does no one any favors. Besides, these
days, the most successful private equity and hedge funds can already
raise all the capital they can efficiently manage without advertising.</p><p>So
I’ll wager that most of this new advertising will come from firms that
sophisticated institutional investors wouldn’t consider investing in. No
wonder that the Securities and Exchange Commission, whose former
chairwoman Mary Schapiro opposed the legislation, has been taking its
time writing the regulations to implement these provisions.</p><p>At the
least, the S.E.C. should insist on standardized disclosure for these
funds, particularly of performance and fees, similar to what is required
of mutual funds.</p><p>Already in effect is the section of the act that
makes it easier for small companies (defined as less than $1 billion in
annual revenues) to go public. For example, these companies no longer
have to file as much financial information as their larger brethren. By
some estimates, that could have benefited as many as 90 percent of
recent I.P.O.’s, including such prominent names as LinkedIn, Zynga and
Pandora Media.</p><p>More recently, companies as diverse as the
Manchester United soccer team (founded in 1878) and dodgy Chinese
businesses have taken advantage of the provisions.</p><p>To be sure, the
Sarbanes-Oxley securities regulation law, passed in the wake of the
dot-com meltdown and the Enron fraud, has overly burdened public
companies and deterred initial public offerings.</p><p>But the JOBS
Act’s update for “emerging growth companies” goes too far, particularly
in relaxing the prohibition on research analysts to recommend stocks
while their firms are underwriting them.</p><p>Although 25 Democratic
senators and one independent, Bernie Sanders, opposed the legislation,
it had broad support from business groups and from some research
organizations like the Kauffman Foundation. The Obama administration
signed on, convinced that the need to encourage start-up capital was
great and that the legislation’s shortcomings could be fixed during the
implementation phase.</p><p>The largest number of jobs likely to be
created by the JOBS Act will be for lawyers needed to clean up the mess
that it will create.</p></div></div></div><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Art Deco (Wayne A. Fox)<br><a href="mailto:art.deco.studios@gmail.com" target="_blank">art.deco.studios@gmail.com</a><br><br><img src="http://users.moscow.com/waf/WP%20Fox%2001.jpg"><br>
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