<div class="header">
<div class="left">
<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/"><img src="http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/misc/nytlogo153x23.gif" alt="The New York Times" align="left" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></a>
</div>
<div class="right">
<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/adx/bin/adx_click.html?type=goto&opzn&page=www.nytimes.com/printer-friendly&pos=Position1&sn2=336c557e/4f3dd5d2&sn1=6c46ff2e/878a3ce7&camp=FSL2012_ArticleTools_120x60_1787510c_nyt5&ad=Sessions_120x60_Aug20_NoText&goto=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Efoxsearchlight%2Ecom%2Fthesessions" target="_blank">
<br></a>
</div>
</div>
<br clear="all"><hr align="left" size="1">
<div class="timestamp">September 13, 2012</div>
<h1>A Post-9/11 Conundrum</h1>
<div id="articleBody">
<p>
For 11 years, Americans have struggled to reach a sensible legal balance
that protects both national security and civil liberties — an
existential challenge made harder by the last president’s wild excesses
and abuses of power in the name of combating terrorism. This week, a
vote in Congress and <a title="A Times article" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/13/us/judge-blocks-controversial-indefinite-detention-law.html">a decision by a federal judge</a>, Katherine Forrest, made starkly clear how much that remains a work in progress. </p>
<p>
With little in the way of real debate or scrutiny, the House voted 301 to 118 to extend <a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/112/hr5949">the FISA Amendments Act</a>
for five years, an unfortunate law passed in 2008 that expanded the
government’s power to conduct surveillance without warrants in the
future. It also retroactively approved the George W. Bush
administration’s unlawful snooping in broad violation of Americans’
constitutionally protected privacy. </p>
<p>
Moving in the other direction, Judge Forrest, of the Southern District
of New York in Manhattan, on Wednesday permanently enjoined a
controversial provision of a 2011 law in which Congress codified
expansive interpretations of a president’s authority to detain
individuals indefinitely, beyond the real needs of the war in
Afghanistan, the campaign against Al Qaeda or legitimate
counterterrorism efforts in general. </p>
<p>
The judge was right to challenge government’s claims of ever-expanding,
unsupervised detention authority around the world, but her ruling seemed
overly broad in points and could be overturned by a higher court.
</p>
<p>
The ruling <a title="A Times article" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/07/us/terrorism-detention-provision-is-blocked.html">follows a temporary injunction</a>
granted in May against the law, which goes beyond the perpetrators of
the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks to people who are part of or “substantially”
supported Al Qaeda, the Taliban or “associated forces” hostile to the
United States or its allies. Chris Hedges, a journalist who formerly
worked for this newspaper, and several supporters of WikiLeaks said it
was too imprecise about the conduct that could lead to someone’s
detention and exactly who could be detained. </p>
<p>
The plaintiffs said the statute chilled their First Amendment rights
because they feared the government might claim their activities made
them supporters of an enemy force and subject to detention. </p>
<p>
Judge Forrest agreed, saying the Constitution requires more specificity
when “defining an individual’s core liberties.” She was especially
troubled by the government’s inability to define terms like
“substantially supported” and “associated forces,” despite ample
opportunity to do so during the course of the lawsuit. She also was
swayed by what she saw as the government’s failure to eliminate the
plaintiffs’ fears by unequivocally stating that no First
Amendment-protected activities would subject them to indefinite military
detention. </p>
<p>
The judge makes plain that the outcome would likely have been different
had the government offered an authoritative official statement that
“protected First Amendment activities occurring by Americans on American
soil.” The failure to do so, she found, bolstered both the plaintiffs’
standing to sue, as well as their claims. </p>
<p>
The judge’s willingness to take constitutional claims seriously was a
refreshing departure from too many other judges in cases involving
national security. If the government is unhappy with the ruling, it can
largely blame its failure to adequately limit and define detention
authority. </p>
<p>
Unfortunately, the ruling does not fully address existing case law on
detention authority or an amendment to the 2011 law that should be read
to protect Americans and others in the United States from indefinite
detention. Those issues, and the breadth of the injunction seem certain
to be appealed. </p>
<div class="articleCorrection">
</div>
</div>
<br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Art Deco (Wayne A. Fox)<br><a href="mailto:art.deco.studios@gmail.com" target="_blank">art.deco.studios@gmail.com</a><br><br><img src="http://users.moscow.com/waf/WP%20Fox%2001.jpg"><br><br>