<h3 class="entry-title"><i>The Newyorker</i><br></h3><h3 class="entry-title"><br></h3><h3 class="entry-title">Ferguson vs. Krugman: Where Are the Real Conservative Intellectuals?</h3>
<div class="byline">Posted by <cite class="vcard author"><a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/bios/john_cassidy/search?contributorName=John%20Cassidy" title="search site for content by John Cassidy" rel="author">John Cassidy</a></cite></div>
<p><img alt="niall-ferguson.jpg" src="http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/johncassidy/niall-ferguson.jpg" class="mt-image-center" style="text-align: center; display: block; margin: 0 auto 20px;" height="310" width="465"></p>
<p>There’s nothing like a <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/20/paul-krugman-niall-ferguson-newsweek_n_1810136.html" target="_blank">scrap</a>
between two seasoned brawlers to liven up a Monday in the dog days of
August. In the red corner, Niall Campbell Douglas Ferguson, Laurence A.
Tisch professor of history at Harvard and conservative bomb-thrower in
residence at the Daily Beast/<em>Newsweek</em>. In the blue corner, Paul Robin Krugman, Nobel-winning economist, Princeton prof, and designated liberal curmudgeon at the <em>Times</em>.</p>
<p>As fans of political sparring will recall, these two have mixed it up
before—numerous times, in fact, mainly over the Obama stimulus. The
cause of their latest spat: a characteristically overstated <em>Newsweek</em> <a href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2012/08/19/niall-ferguson-on-why-barack-obama-needs-to-go.html" target="_blank">cover story</a>
by Ferguson arguing that it’s time to replace Obama. (Headline: “Hit
the Road Barack: Why We Need a New President.”) Krugman, who has been
spending the last few weeks hiking through some <a href="http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/18/over-the-hump-status-update/" target="_blank">pretty-looking hills</a>, interrupted his vacation to accuse his old nemesis of <a href="http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/unethical-commentary-newsweek-edition/" target="_blank">misrepresenting the facts</a> in claiming that Obamacare will add more than a trillion dollars to the deficit over the next ten years.</p>
<p>Nothing very surprising there, you might say.
Ferguson, a prolific author whose “end is nigh” worldview makes him a
popular speaker on the hedge-fund/Davos circuit, has been railing away
at the Obama Administration since 2009, warning that its profligate
spending policies were sending the U.S.A. the way of Greece. The equally
indefatigable Krugman has been lecturing Ferguson for almost as long
about his ignorance of elementary (Keynesian) economics and the bond
market. (If people in the markets truly believed Ferguson’s analysis,
the U.S. government would never be able to issue ten-year bonds with a
yield of <a href="http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/interest-rates/Pages/TextView.aspx?data=realyield" target="_blank">well under</a> two per cent.)</p>
<p>What <em>is</em> pretty remarkable about the latest dustup is the
weakness of the arguments presented by Ferguson, a streetwise public
intellectual who, <a href="http://www.niallferguson.com/site/FERG/Templates/Home.aspx?pageid=1&cc=GB" target="_blank">according to his Web site</a>,
now holds positions at four different élite academic institutions. If
called upon three months before an election to pen a provocative cover
story in a national newsmagazine clamoring for the President to be
chucked out, most writers would make every effort to avoid giving the
other side easy opportunities to tear down their arguments. And yet,
here comes Ferguson blatantly twisting a report from the Congressional
Budget Office and presenting numerous other distortions and half-truths
that anybody with access to Google could discredit in a few hours. </p>
<p>It all got me pondering anew a question that’s been been on my mind
every day since Mitt Romney picked Paul Ryan as his running mate: Where
are the real conservative intellectuals these days? Surely there must be
some, but sometimes it seems like all the right has to offer is a
soap-box mountebank like Ryan, a trio of embittered Supreme Court
Justices, and a few gnarled old Washington fixtures like Bill Kristol,
George Will, and Charles Krauthammer. Given this vacuum, it’s relatively
easy for an energetic and disputatious blow-in like Ferguson to emerge
as one of Obama’s most visible, if not exactly persuasive, critics.</p>
<p> The immediate bone of contention is the fiscal impact of the
Affordable Care Act, a.k.a. Obamacare. On this, I have some sympathy for
Ferguson’s argument that it is likely to be substantial. Providing tens
of millions of uninsured Americans hefty subsidies to buy private
insurance will surely be an expensive business. The history of other
entitlement programs, such as Medicare, suggests initial cost estimates
often prove overoptimistic, and that could well prove to be true here.
But rather than making this argument, Ferguson took another tack,
implying that the official actuaries had already said the reforms would
add substantially to the deficit. He wrote,</p>
<blockquote>The president pledged that health-care reform would
not add a cent to the deficit. But the CBO and the Joint Committee on
Taxation now estimate that the insurance-coverage provisions of the ACA
will have a net cost of close to $1.2 trillion over the 2012-22 period.</blockquote>
<p> Actually, that’s true as far as it goes. But it doesn’t go nearly
far enough. In addition to providing subsidies for the uninsured, the
A.C.A. included tax increases on premium insurance plans, the imposition
of certain user fees, and significant cuts in Medicare spending. As
Krugman rightly pointed out, when the scorers from the C.B.O./Joint
Committee took these changes into account, they concluded that the
A.C.A. would actually reduce the deficit slightly rather than adding to
it. You don’t have to look very hard at the C.B.O./Joint Committee
report (<a href="http://cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/ftpdocs/121xx/doc12119/03-30-healthcarelegislation.pdf" target="_blank">pdf</a>)
to see the relevant numbers. They are right there in Table 1 on page 2:
over the period from 2012 to 2022, the A.C.A. would reduce the deficit
by $210 billion. </p>
<p>Ferguson omitted any mention of this figure. Upon being challenged, he posted <a href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/08/20/newsweek-cover-rebuttal-paul-krugman-is-wrong.html" target="_blank">a rebuttal</a>
on the Daily Beast in which he tried to bluff his way through, calling
Krugman’s objection “truly feeble,” and adding: “I very deliberately
said ‘the insurance coverage provisions of the ACA,’ not ‘the ACA.’
There is a big difference.” There surely is—not that the readers of the <em>Newsweek</em> cover story would know that. </p>
<p>In assailing Krugman, though, Ferguson committed another no-no for
journalists and historians: selectively editing a quotation to support
his argument. In assessing the financial consequences of Obamacare, a
lot depends on whether you believe it will succeed in slowing the annual
growth of spending on Medicare from about four per cent, the average
rate during the past two decades, to two per cent. Ferguson is
skeptical. As it happens, so am I. But he didn’t just say that. Instead,
he cited a passage about the Medicare cost cuts from the C.B.O./J.C.T.
report, and ended with this quote: “It is unclear whether such a
reduction can be achieved…”, thereby implying that the official bean
counters had cost doubt on whether the economies would ever materialize.</p>
<p>But note the ellipsis at the end of the quote. Enter Dylan Byers, a media reporter at <em>Politico</em>, with a <a href="http://www.politico.com/blogs/media/2012/08/niall-fergusons-ridiculous-misleading-defense-132551.html" target="_blank">post entitled</a>
“Niall Ferguson’s ridiculous defense.” Byers called up the C.B.O.
report and looked up what Ferguson had left out. Here is the sentence in
full:</p>
<blockquote>It is unclear whether such a reduction can be
achieved through greater efficiencies in the delivery of healthcare or
will instead reduce access to care or the quality of care (relative to
the situation under prior law.)</blockquote>
<p>Clearly, this has a rather different meaning than the one Ferguson intended to put across. Byers sums things up this way:</p>
<blockquote><em>So contrary to what Ferguson leads readers to believe</em>,
the CBO report does not state that the reduction is “unclear.” What is
“unclear” is whether the reduction will come through greater
efficiencies in healthcare delivery or reduced access to care.
<p>So, one more time: The Oxford-trained, Harvard-employed, Newsweek
contibutor Niall Ferguson just edited the CBO report to change its
meaning.</p></blockquote>
<p>This isn’t a fair fight. It’s as if Ferguson were inviting Krugman
and others to knock him to the canvas, which they are doing with great
enthusiasm. At the <em>Atlantic</em>, Matthew O’Brien identifies twelve—yes, a dozen—claims in the <em>Newsweek</em> cover story that <a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/08/a-full-factcheck-of-niall-fergusons-very-bad-argument-against-obama/261306/" target="_blank">don’t stack up</a>,
including some misleading figures for job losses and a bizarre
suggestion that the Administration’s Wall Street reforms didn’t tackle
excessive leverage at the big banks. (A more accurate statement would be
that excessive leverage was one of the few big financial issues the
Administration did address.) At the Web site of the New York <em>Daily News</em>, David Swerdlick <a href="http://www.nydailynews.com/blogs/the_rumble/2012/08/niall-ferguson-is-wrong-about-obama%E2%80%99s-foreign-policy-too" target="_blank">points out that</a> “Niall Ferguson is wrong about Obama’s foreign policy, too.”</p>
<p>So, a bad day for Ferguson, not that I’d be overly concerned about
him. A feisty and self-confident Glaswegian, he doubtless thinks his
journalistic critics are missing the wood for the trees. And if all the
attention he has brought to <em>Newsweek</em> helps it to sell a few
more copies and survive for a few more months, the consequences of
today’s brouhaha won’t be all bad. But what of the right in general?
Where does that stand?</p>
<p>Reaganism/Thatcherism, for all its faults, was a genuine intellectual
movement, or counter-movement. These days, the right seems unable to
rise above rabble-rousing. The end of the Cold War robbed it of an
external enemy. The tensions between its social and economic wings
robbed it of any internal cohesion. The financial crisis and Great
Recession robbed it of a creed—laissez faire. It’s still got plenty of
willing foot soldiers, and a lot of big money behind it, but where is
the fresh thinking and intellectual direction? All that’s left is
anti-government posturing, waving the flag, and Obama-bashing. And even
in pursuing this limited agenda, it often gets its facts wrong.</p><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Art Deco (Wayne A. Fox)<br><a href="mailto:art.deco.studios@gmail.com" target="_blank">art.deco.studios@gmail.com</a><br><br><img src="http://users.moscow.com/waf/WP%20Fox%2001.jpg"><br>
<br>