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<H1 class=cnnBlogContentTitle><A
title="Permanent Link:Actually, that's not in the Bible"
href="http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2011/06/05/thats-not-in-the-bible/"
rel=bookmark>Actually, that's not in the Bible</A></H1>
<P class=cnn_first>By <STRONG>John Blake</STRONG>, CNN</P>
<P><STRONG>(CNN) </STRONG>– NFL legend Mike Ditka was giving a news conference
one day after being fired as the coach of the Chicago Bears when he decided to
quote the Bible.</P>
<P>“Scripture tells you that all things shall pass,” a choked-up Ditka said
after leading his team to only five wins during the previous season.
“This, too, shall pass.”</P>
<P>Ditka fumbled his biblical citation, though. The phrase “This, too, shall
pass” doesn’t appear in the Bible. Ditka was quoting a phantom scripture that
sounds like it belongs in the Bible, but look closer and it’s not there.</P>
<P>Ditka’s biblical blunder is as common as preachers delivering long-winded
public prayers. The Bible may be the most revered book in America, but it’s also
one of the most misquoted. Politicians, motivational speakers, coaches - all
types of people - quote passages that actually have no place in the Bible,
religious scholars say.</P>
<P><SPAN id=more-17355></SPAN>These phantom passages include:</P>
<P>“God helps those who help themselves.”</P>
<P>“Spare the rod, spoil the child.”</P>
<P>And there is this often-cited paraphrase: Satan tempted Eve to eat the
forbidden apple in the Garden of Eden. </P>
<P>None of those passages appear in the Bible, and one is actually
anti-biblical, scholars say.</P>
<P>But people rarely challenge them because biblical ignorance is so pervasive
that it even reaches groups of people who should know better, says Steve
Bouma-Prediger, a religion professor at Hope College in Holland, Michigan.</P>
<P>“In my college religion classes, I sometimes quote 2 Hesitations 4:3 (‘There
are no internal combustion engines in heaven’),” Bouma-Prediger says. “I wait to
see if anyone realizes that there is no such book in the Bible and therefore no
such verse.</P>
<P>“Only a few catch on.”</P>
<P>Few catch on because they don’t want to - people prefer knowing biblical
passages that reinforce their pre-existing beliefs, a Bible professor says.</P>
<P>“Most people who profess a deep love of the Bible have never actually read
the book,” says Rabbi Rami Shapiro, who once had to persuade a student in
his Bible class at Middle Tennessee State University that the saying “this dog
won’t hunt” doesn’t appear in the Book of Proverbs.</P>
<P>“They have memorized parts of texts that they can string together to prove
the biblical basis for whatever it is they believe in,” he says, “but they
ignore the vast majority of the text."</P>
<P><STRONG>Phantom biblical passages work in mysterious ways</STRONG></P>
<P>Ignorance isn’t the only cause for phantom Bible verses. Confusion is
another.</P>
<P>Some of the most popular faux verses are pithy paraphrases of biblical
concepts or bits of folk wisdom.</P>
<P>Consider these two:</P>
<P>“God works in mysterious ways.”</P>
<P>“Cleanliness is next to Godliness.”</P>
<P>Both sound as if they are taken from the Bible, but they’re not. The first is
a paraphrase of a 19th century hymn by the English poet William Cowper (“God
moves in a mysterious way, His wonders to perform).</P>
<P>The “cleanliness” passage was coined by John Wesley, the 18th century
evangelist who founded Methodism, says Thomas Kidd, a history professor at
Baylor University in Texas.</P>
<P>“No matter if John Wesley or someone else came up with a wise saying - if it
sounds proverbish, people figure it must come from the Bible,” Kidd says.</P>
<P>Our fondness for the short and tweet-worthy may also explain our fondness for
phantom biblical phrases. The pseudo-verses function like theological tweets:
They’re pithy summarizations of biblical concepts.</P>
<P>“Spare the rod, spoil the child” falls into that category. It’s a popular
verse - and painful for many kids. Could some enterprising kid avoid the rod by
pointing out to his mother that it's not in the Bible?</P>
<P>It’s doubtful. Her possible retort: The popular saying is a distillation of
Proverbs 13:24: “The one who withholds [or spares] the rod is one who hates his
son.”</P>
<P>Another saying that sounds Bible-worthy: “Pride goes before a fall.” But its
approximation, Proverbs 16:18, is actually written: “Pride goeth before
destruction, and an haughty spirit before a fall.”</P>
<P>There are some phantom biblical verses for which no excuse can be offered.
The speaker goofed.</P>
<P>That’s what Bruce Wells, a theology professor, thinks happened to Ditka,
the former NFL coach, when he strayed from the gridiron to biblical commentary
during his 1993 press conference in Chicago.</P>
<P>Wells watched Ditka’s biblical blunder on local television when he lived in
Chicago. After Ditka cited the mysterious passage, reporters scrambled
unsuccessfully the next day to find the biblical source.</P>
<P>They should have consulted Wells, who is now director of the ancient studies
program at Saint Joseph’s University in Pennsylvania. Wells says Ditka’s error
probably came from a peculiar feature of the King James Bible.</P>
<P>“My hunch on the Ditka quote is that it comes from a quirk of the King James
translation,” Wells says. “Ancient Hebrew had a particular way of saying things
like, ‘and the next thing that happened was…’ The King James translators of the
Old Testament consistently rendered this as ‘and it came to pass.’ ’’</P>
<P><STRONG>When phantom Bible passages turn dangerous</STRONG></P>
<P>People may get verses wrong, but they also mangle plenty of well-known
biblical stories as well.</P>
<P>Two examples: The scripture never says a whale swallowed Jonah, the Old
Testament prophet, nor did any New Testament passages say that <EM>three</EM>
wise men visited baby Jesus, scholars say.</P>
<P>Those details may seem minor, but scholars say one popular phantom Bible
story stands above the rest: The Genesis story about the fall of humanity.</P>
<P>Most people know the popular version - Satan in the guise of a serpent tempts
Eve to pick the forbidden apple from the Tree of Life. It’s been downhill ever
since.</P>
<P>But the story in the book of Genesis never places Satan in the Garden of
Eden.</P>
<P>“Genesis mentions nothing but a serpent,” says Kevin Dunn, chair of the
department of religion at Tufts University in Massachusetts.</P>
<P>“Not only does the text not mention Satan, the very idea of Satan as a
devilish tempter postdates the composition of the Garden of Eden story by at
least 500 years,” Dunn says.</P>
<P>Getting biblical scriptures and stories wrong may not seem significant, but
it can become dangerous, one scholar says.</P>
<P>Most people have heard this one: “God helps those that help themselves.” It’s
another phantom scripture that appears nowhere in the Bible, but many people
think it does. It's actually attributed to Benjamin Franklin, one of the
nation's founding fathers.</P>
<P>The passage is popular in part because it is a reflection of cherished
American values: individual liberty and self-reliance, says Sidnie White
Crawford, a religious studies scholar at the University of Nebraska.</P>
<P>Yet that passage contradicts the biblical definition of goodness: defining
one’s worth by what one does for others, like the poor and the outcast, Crawford
says.</P>
<P>Crawford cites a scripture from Leviticus that tells people that when they
harvest the land, they should leave some “for the poor and the alien” (Leviticus
19:9-10), and another passage from Deuteronomy that declares that people should
not be “tight-fisted toward your needy neighbor.”</P>
<P>“We often infect the Bible with our own values and morals, not asking what
the Bible’s values and morals really are,” Crawford says.</P>
<P><STRONG>Where do these phantom passages come from?</STRONG></P>
<P>It’s easy to blame the spread of phantom biblical passages on pervasive
biblical illiteracy. But the causes are varied and go back centuries.</P>
<P>Some of the guilty parties are anonymous, lost to history. They are artists
and storytellers who over the years embellished biblical stories and passages
with their own twists.</P>
<P>If, say, you were an anonymous artist painting the Garden of Eden during the
Renaissance, why not portray the serpent as the devil to give some punch to your
creation? And if you’re a preacher telling a story about Jonah, doesn’t it just
sound better to say that Jonah was swallowed by a whale, not a “great fish”?</P>
<P>Others blame the spread of phantom Bible passages on King James, or more
specifically the declining popularity of the King James translation of the
Bible.</P>
<P>That translation, which marks 400 years of existence this year, had a near
monopoly on the Bible market as recently as 50 years ago, says Douglas Jacobsen,
a professor of church history and theology at Messiah College in
Pennsylvania.</P>
<P>“If you quoted the Bible and got it wrong then, people were more likely to
notice because there was only one text,” he says. “Today, so many different
translations are used that almost no one can tell for sure if something
supposedly from the Bible is being quoted accurately or not.”</P>
<P>Others blame the spread of phantom biblical verses on Martin Luther, the
German monk who ignited the Protestant Reformation, the massive “protest”
against the excesses of the Roman Catholic Church that led to the formation of
Protestant church denominations.</P>
<P>“It is a great Protestant tradition for anyone - milkmaid, cobbler, or
innkeeper - to be able to pick up the Bible and read for herself. No need for a
highly trained scholar or cleric to walk a lay person through the text,” says
Craig Hazen, director of the Christian Apologetics program at Biola University
in Southern California.</P>
<P>But often the milkmaid, the cobbler - and the NFL coach - start creating
biblical passages without the guidance of biblical experts, he says.</P>
<P>“You can see this manifest today in living room Bible studies across North
America where lovely Christian people, with no training whatsoever, drink decaf,
eat brownies and ask each other, ‘What does this text mean to you?’’’ Hazen
says. </P>
<P>“Not only do they get the interpretation wrong, but very often end up quoting
verses that really aren’t there.”</P></DIV></FONT></DIV><FONT size=2>
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