The following document (Microsoft PowerPoint presentation) is 82 pages long, covering a wide variety of scientific and economic issues regarding climate change, with considerable relevant scientific research presented in numerous graphs. The first few pages are pasted in below, which state clearly that anthropogenic climate change is already happening; and limited time remains to address the problem before "catastrophic" outcomes become more probable:<br>
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<div><a href="http://www.whrc.org/resources/online_publications/warming_earth/index.htm" target="_blank">http://www.whrc.org/resources/online_publications/warming_earth/index.htm</a></div>
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<div><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 40pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Meeting the<span> </span>Climate-Change Challenge</span></div>
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<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 80%; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">John P. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Holdren</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"> </span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 80%; MARGIN-TOP: 4.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20pt">Director, The Woods Hole Research Center</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 80%; MARGIN-TOP: 4.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20pt">Teresa & John Heinz Professor of Environmental Policy,<span> </span>Harvard University</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 80%; MARGIN-TOP: 4.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20pt">President, American Association for the Advancement of Science</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 80%; MARGIN-TOP: 4.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20pt"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 80%; MARGIN-TOP: 4.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20pt"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 80%; MARGIN-TOP: 4.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20pt"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 80%; MARGIN-TOP: 4.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20pt"> </span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 110%; MARGIN-TOP: 6.72pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">SES Distinguished Scientist Seminar<span> </span>Marine Biological Laboratory<span> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Woods Hole<span> </span>3 November 2006</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 110%; MARGIN-TOP: 6.72pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 110%; MARGIN-TOP: 6.72pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">In this talk I will argue that…</span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 110%; MARGIN-TOP: 6.72pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><font color="#000000"> </font></span></span></p>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 8.64pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">Climate change is coming at us </span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">faster</span></u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">, with </span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">larger impacts</span></u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt"> and </span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">bigger risks</span></u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">, than even most climate scientists expected as recently as a few years ago.</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 8.64pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">The stated goal of the UNFCCC – avoiding dangerous anthropogenic interference in the climate – is in fact unattainable, because today we are </span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">already</span></u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt"> experiencing dangerous anthropogenic interference. The real question now is whether we can still avoid </span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">catastrophic</span></u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">anthro-pogenic</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt"> interference in climate.</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 8.64pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">There is </span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">no guarantee</span></u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt"> that catastrophe can be avoided even we start taking serious evasive action immediately;<span> </span>but if we wait even one more decade before starting, the chance of avoiding catastrophe will get </span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">very much smaller</span></u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">.</span></div>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 8.64pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">And I will talk about what, specifically, we need to do.</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 8.64pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"></span> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 8.64pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 32pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">What climate change means</span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 8.64pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 32pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"> </span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 11.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Climate consists of averages & extremes</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt"> of</span></p>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 11.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">hot & cold</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 11.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">wet & dry</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 11.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">snowpack & snowmelt</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 11.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">winds & storm tracks</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 11.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">ocean currents & </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">upwellings</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt"> </span></div>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.72pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">and the </span><u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">patterns</span></u><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt"> of these in space and time.</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 17.28pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #333399; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><span> </span>Small changes in global-average surface T entail large & consequential changes in climatic patterns.<span> </span>Difference between an ice age & an interglacial is ~5</span><span style="COLOR: #333399; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">°C.</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #333399; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: sub; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"> </span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 17.28pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #333399; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: sub; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 32pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">T</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 32pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">he </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 32pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">stakes in climate </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 32pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">change</span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 17.28pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #333399; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: sub; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 32pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"> </span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Climate governs, so climate change alters,</span></p>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">productivity of farms, forests, & fisheries</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">prevalence of oppressive heat &humidity</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">geography of disease</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">damages from storms, floods, droughts, wildfires</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">property losses from sea-level rise</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">expenditures on engineered environments</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt">distribution & abundance of species</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">What is the evidence that climate is now changing in unusual & threatening ways?</span></span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 28pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #a50021; FONT-SIZE: 28pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"> </span></span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 5.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">We know -- from thermometer records in the atmosphere and the oceans, and from ice cores, bore holes, tree rings, corals, pollens, sediments, and more -- that Earth’s climate is now changing at a pace far outside the range of expected natural variation, and in the opposite direction from what the known, natural, cyclic influences on climate would otherwise be causing at this time. </span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 5.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">We should be cooling, but we are warming up: by ~0.8 C in </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">T</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: sub; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">avg</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt"> in the last 125 years, more over the continents, several times that over the continents at high latitudes.</span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 5.76pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt"><span>•</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt">On a worldwide average, the 12 warmest years of the last 125 have all occurred since 1990, 20 of the 21 warmest since 1980.<span> </span>The last 50 years appear to have been the warmest half century in 6000 years.</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: sub; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"> </span></div>
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<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 20.16pt; DIRECTION: ltr; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.38in; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">Vision2020 Post: Ted Moffett </div></div></div>