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<title>Re: [Vision2020] Ga$oline Price$</title>
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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Hi Mark,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>New extraction technology has really
changed the economics of oil-sands bitumen extraction. Until just last year the
standard process for recovery of the product was use of natural gas, for the
most part the newest extraction techniques no longer use natural gas but rely
on a combination of mechanical forces and solvents. Elimination of natural
gas from oil-sands production greatly slowed both the Alaska Natural Gas
Pipeline and the Mackenzie Delta Gas Pipeline projects. The Mackenzie project
is now dead and the <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alaska</st1:place></st1:State>
project is on life support. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Also of note, <st1:State w:st="on">Alaska</st1:State>
has tremendous heavy oil reserves on the <st1:place w:st="on">North Slope</st1:place>,
eventually these reserves will be tapped, treated, and shipped. Light Crude production
will drop in Alaska over the next two decades; however once oil prices climb and
consistently remain over the $75/barrel the North Slope producers will begin
heavy oil production. <st1:place w:st="on">North Slope</st1:place> reserves of
heavy oil far exceed light oil and can again fill the pipeline to 2.1 million
barrels/day when production becomes economically feasible.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Significant untapped light oil resources
within ANWR and Point Thompson can again fill the pipeline; however, ANWR is
politically unfeasible and the Point Thompson Unit is tied up in court in a
non-production dispute between the State of <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Alaska</st1:place></st1:State> and Exxon. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Hope all is well,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Chris<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
vision2020-bounces@moscow.com [mailto:vision2020-bounces@moscow.com] <b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Mark Solomon<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Thursday, May 03, 2007 9:33
AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> vision2020@moscow.com<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [Vision2020] Ga$oline
Price$</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Geopolitically and environmentally I agree with you but the known
extent of the oil sands reserves in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State>
has grown dramatically since the 2001 data you've listed. The 2006 number for
proven reserves is now 175 billion barrels with estimates of up to two trillion
barrels buried deeper than the easily removed proven reserves (for comparison,
the Saudi proven reserves are 260 billion barrels). Global warming-wise an
enormous disaster as recovery of oil from the sands is energy intensive.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;color:black'>http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/01/20/60minutes/main1225184.shtml</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Following is an excellent article on the oil sands. Subscriber access
only so am posting the text.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>m.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>****<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><tt><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>American demand on the rise</span></font></tt><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Courier New";color:black'><br>
<st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><tt><font face="Courier New">Alberta</font></tt></st1:place></st1:State><tt><font
face="Courier New">'s crudest crude gets new respect as conventional oil wells
start running dry</font></tt><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Gordon Jaremko, The <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City> Journal</font></tt><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Published: Thursday, April 26, 2007</font></tt><br>
<br>
<st1:City w:st="on"><tt><font face="Courier New">EDMONTON</font></tt></st1:City><tt><font
face="Courier New"> - American industry is acquiring a taste for <st1:State
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State>'s crudest oil
product, oilsands bitumen.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">"There's a lot of demand," Conoco-Phillips
refinery chief Larry Ziemba said in describing the outlook for oil markets in
the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place>.</font></tt></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><tt><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>Only five months after committing $5.3
billion to overhaul <st1:State w:st="on">Texas</st1:State> and <st1:State
w:st="on">Illinois</st1:State> refineries for bitumen, his firm is considering
also switching a <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Montana</st1:place></st1:State>
plant onto the new diet.</span></font></tt><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black'><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">ConocoPhillips has plenty of company. BP has
launched a $3-billion bitumen conversion of an <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Indiana</st1:place></st1:State> refinery. Marathon Oil Corp. is
seeking partnerships with <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State>
oilsands developers to supply other American plants.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">UBS Commodities Canada Ltd., a subsidiary of a
Wall Street financial giant, recently launched a new international trading
warehouse for <st1:State w:st="on">Alberta</st1:State> oil by leasing two
million barrels of storage tank capacity at Enbridge Inc.'s Hardisty pipeline
hub 160 kilometres southeast of <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City>.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Bitumen fuels a $2-billion plan by TransCanada
PipeLines and Conoco-Phillips, the Keystone Project, to build a new route for
shipments of up to 590,000 barrels per day from Hardisty to the central <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region></font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Alberta's lowest-quality crude, diluted with
higher grades to flow in pipelines, will be a hot seller in the U.S. for
decades to come, the National Energy Board is told in a report supporting
requests to approve Keystone in time for deliveries to begin in 2009.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Exports of heavy-oil blends will increase
seven-fold over the next three years alone to about 350,000 barrels per day,
says the survey of Canadian and American industry intentions by Purvin &
Gertz, an international consulting firm.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Southbound bitumen flowing to the <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> is
forecast to top one-million barrels daily by 2015, then keep on growing to
nearly 1.5 million barrels a day in 2020.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">The accelerating traffic will overtake shipping
space and cause capacity rationing by 2010 on Canada's current seven oil export
pipelines unless Keystone builds its proposed new route, the study predicts.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Ziemba forecasts American thirst for oil products
will grow at a rate of 10 to 15 per cent per decade. <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Washington</st1:place></st1:State>'s Energy Information
Administration echoes the ConocoPhillips executive's expectations in
long-range, national supply and demand projections.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">The EIA predicts recent <st1:country-region w:st="on">U.S.</st1:country-region>
deep-water drilling breakthroughs will raise production of premium,
refinery-ready oil, but not by enough to dull American appetite for <st1:State
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State> bitumen. Flows
from offshore production platforms in the <st1:place w:st="on">Gulf of Mexico</st1:place>
are forecast to peak at two million barrels per day in 2015 then slowly peter
out as the new conventional liquid oil pools deplete naturally.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<st1:country-region w:st="on"><tt><font face="Courier New">U.S.</font></tt></st1:country-region><tt><font
face="Courier New"> needs for imports will rise 30 per cent to about 13 million
barrels a day by 2030 even though new American supplies of synthetic oil made
from coal and gas will also be developed, the <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Washington</st1:place></st1:State> fact-finding agency predicts.
Production is steadily declining in the traditional <st1:country-region w:st="on">U.S.</st1:country-region>
oil mainstays, <st1:State w:st="on">Texas</st1:State> and <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Alaska</st1:place></st1:State>.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Unless the energy industry breaks through
environmental and political walls preserving the Arctic National Wildlife
Refuge, Alaskan output is expected to shrink by 70 per cent over the next 25
years to 270,000 barrels daily. The entire state will pump out less than
current and still growing production by each of <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State>'s two biggest oilsands plants,
Suncor and Syncrude.</font></tt></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black'><br>
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><tt><font face="Courier New">OIL</font></tt></st1:PlaceName><tt><font
face="Courier New"> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">OCEAN</st1:PlaceType></font></tt></st1:place><tt><font
face="Courier New"> DRIES UP</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">In Texas, where the century-old industry has no
counterpart to the oilsands or deep offshore drilling, output has dropped every
year since hitting a peak 3.4 million barrels a day in 1972.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">The state slid below the one-million-barrels-daily
production landmark five years ago and is slipping steadily towards
900,000-barrels daily.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Replacement supplies from the oilsands flow as far
south as refineries in <st1:City w:st="on">Beaumont</st1:City> near the Gulf of
Mexico coast east of <st1:City w:st="on">Houston</st1:City>, using expanded and
reversed pipelines that formerly made northbound deliveries from <st1:State
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Texas</st1:place></st1:State>.</font></tt></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black'><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">ConocoPhillips is pouring $1.4 billion into
keeping alive a historic 81-year-old refinery in the legendary northwest Texas
Panhandle oil boomtown of <st1:City w:st="on">Borger</st1:City> by converting
the plant to process <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State>
bitumen.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">BARGAIN BIN</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">The molasses-like initial product of the oilsands
is a bargain for refineries equipped to dine out on it with added
"upgrader" plants, according to records of prices for <st1:State
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State> crude varieties
kept by GLJ Petroleum Consultants.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">In 2006, the province's heaviest oil fetched an
average $41.87 a barrel. That was $31.29 or 43 per cent less than the average
$73.16 for <st1:City w:st="on">Edmonton</st1:City> par, the Canadian
counterpart to <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region>
benchmark refinery-ready West Texas Intermediate.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">For <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State>
bitumen producers, last year was an improvement.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">In 2005, before pipeline changes reduced the
quality discount by giving exporters ability to shop around for the best
available prices at new export destinations, bitumen blends averaged $34.07 or
51 per cent less than $69.11 for <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City>
par.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">The traffic in low-grade crude is forecast to keep
on growing even though the wide value difference between bitumen and
refinery-ready oil spawned a $40-billion lineup of upgrader projects in
industrial districts northeast of <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City>.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Projections of rising bitumen exports differ only
in detail among forecasters including the NEB, Canadian Association of Petroleum
Producers, Canadian Energy Research Institute and Strategy West Inc.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Oilsands production has potential to grow
five-fold to 5.2 million barrels per day by 2020 if all known development plans
go ahead on their announced schedules, show project inventories kept by
Strategy West, a specialist in the field founded by former CERI research chief
Bob Dunbar.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Out-of-province sales of unprocessed bitumen would
grow to 1.7 million barrels daily because even the growing lineup of planned
upgrader plants is too short to process more than two-thirds of planned
oilsands production.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">THERE ARE LIMITS</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Labour, materials and capital shortages are
forecast to limit the industry to three-fold growth.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Most-likely development projections predict total
oilsands output of 3.3 million barrels daily by 2020, with the volume sold as
raw bitumen reaching at least 900,000 barrels daily.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Emerging environmental curbs on industrial
carbon-dioxide emissions cast a shadow on the outlook for bitumen upgraders.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">NOT A GREEN ENDEAVOUR</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">The operations emit high volumes of the greenhouse
gas. Canadian Natural Resources deferred a 200,000-</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">barrels daily upgrader project planned for <st1:City
w:st="on">Edmonton</st1:City> or <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Cold</st1:PlaceName>
<st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Lake</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> until the federal
and provincial emissions policies become clear.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">But the industry shows no hesitation in advancing
plans to increase raw bitumen output.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">With support from oilsands developers, Enbridge
this month made construction applications for a $1.3-billion US pipeline to
import light byproducts of central <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> refineries as "diluent"
or thinner for bitumen exports.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Output of <st1:State w:st="on">Alberta</st1:State>'s
crudest petroleum product will hit 1.2 million barrels per day by 2015, say new
forecasts generated with an industry survey done by Enbridge, which is <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>'s
biggest oil pipeline.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">gjaremko@thejournal.canwest.com</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">HOW TO TURN CRUMBLY SAND INTO A
MULTIBILLION-DOLLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">- Oilsands ore: A crumbly, abrasive mixture of
sharp-edged quartz grains ringed by an inner layer of water and an outer layer
of bitumen.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Two tonnes of ore make a 159-litre barrel of oil.
To dig out ore formations, oilsands mines also strip off an average two tonnes
of rock and soil "overburden" per barrel of production.</font></tt></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black'><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">- Bitumen: One of the most complex naturally
occurring substances, composed of molecules containing more than 2,000 atoms
each in the heaviest oil produced commercially.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">This initial product of oilsands operations
resembles molasses at room temperature, congeals to the consistency of hockey
pucks if it cools to 11 C, and is thinned with lighter oil or natural gas
byproducts to flow in pipelines.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Raw bitumen averages 83-per-cent carbon,
10-per-cent hydrogen and five-per-cent sulphur, and contains traces of oxygen,
nitrogen, methane, hydrogen-sulphide, nickel, iron, vanadium, titanium and zircon.</font></tt></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black'><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">- Upgrading: "Cracks" or breaks up
bitumen molecules and reassembles them as "synthetic" light oil
cleansed of sulphur and other impurities.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Processes used include coking, hydro-treating,
distillation and catalytic conversion.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Coking, the most common upgrading method, strips
out the heaviest bitumen ingredients with 500 C heat, leaving behind a
charcoal-like residue used as fuel, exported to steel mills and stockpiled.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Hydrotreating lightens bitumen by adding hydrogen.
Distillation boils off light liquids and gases. Catalytic conversion employs
heat, beads or pellets of other chemicals and hydrogen additions.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Upgraders are complexes of towers, vessels,
pipelines, control networks and safety systems requiring years to design and
build by thousands of engineers and skilled construction personnel.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Plants can be erected at any locations served by
pipelines and employ hundreds of highly trained, well-paid operators working in
shifts around the clock 365 days a year.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">- Value added: Upgrading as much as doubles the
value of oilsands production by whipping it into light, clean shape for use by
refineries built to process conventional liquid crude. Raw bitumen sells at
deep discounts, 30 per cent to 50 per cent off prices for benchmark light oil
grades.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">- End uses: Refined products including fuels,
lubricants and petrochemical building blocks of synthetic items from fabrics to
food additives.</font></tt></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><tt><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>© The <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Edmonton</st1:place></st1:City> Journal 2007</span></font></tt><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Mark et. al.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Assuming those doing long term planning for securing world oil
resources have done their homework, which they have, and they are arrogant
enough to believe that the USA and it allies, especially Great Britain, should
control these resources, via military force if necessary, it does not matter
what are the current dominant sources of oil. <st1:country-region w:st="on">Saudi
Arabia</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Iraq</st1:country-region>,
<st1:country-region w:st="on">Kuwait</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Iran</st1:place></st1:country-region>, and other
states in this region, remain the most oil rich area of the world, given
current cheaply recoverable oil. For long term planning to control
this oil rich region, meaning fifty to one hundred years out, the fact that oil
is now coming from other oil rich states is not critical. The big oil
prize remains the <st1:place w:st="on">Middle East</st1:place>. I will
not list the billions of barrels of oil resources that indicate the <st1:place
w:st="on">Middle East</st1:place> remains the long term dominant source of
easily recoverable oil, because everyone knows this. <st1:country-region
w:st="on">Canada</st1:country-region> is a huge oil resource, now second to <st1:country-region
w:st="on">Saudi Arabia</st1:country-region> in listed recoverable oil, but
still does not equal the oil resources of the Middle East, even when combined
with <st1:country-region w:st="on">Mexico</st1:country-region> and <st1:country-region
w:st="on">Venezuela</st1:country-region>, and <st1:country-region w:st="on">Canada</st1:country-region>'s
oil sands are not as cheap to develop as many <st1:place w:st="on">Middle
East</st1:place> oil sources. <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Iraq</st1:place></st1:country-region>'s reserves are huge and of
high quality. Cost is king. That is why coal sourced
electricity, to switch to the specter of another fossil fuel
energy source, of which the USA has the largest reserves of any
nation, will remain dominant over all other Green sources, till mitigating
factors stop coal's cheap energy expansion, whether it be via mandated CO2
sequestration, CO2 penalties or stringent controls over other atmospheric
or environmental damages from coal. Have you seen the demolished
mountains in the <st1:place w:st="on">Appalachians</st1:place> do to coal
mining? Looks like they were nuked!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>We can eventually look forward, however, to the raping of
Wyoming, Utah and Colorado, to develop the oil shale deposits in the
USA, though this currently is a more expensive and environmentally
controversial process, assuming we do not find other technologies or sources of
energy to fuel our economy and lifestyle, given the huge amount of oil to be
extracted, and the obvious blindness of the human race to the foolishness of
our out of control domination of the world of nature. The chart
below shows the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> has
a huge oil shale potential (can you say "Global
Warming?" I knew you could!):<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Read on, fearless reader, in our Brave New World, at <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>
"Proved Recoverable Reserves" for oil shale. Do I read this
chart wrong when it seems to indicate 60,000 to 80,000 million tons of
recoverable oil from oil shale in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>? I must be
misinterpreting this data! Or it must be wrong!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><a
href="http://www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/publications/reports/ser/shale/shale.asp">http://www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/publications/reports/ser/shale/shale.asp</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 color=red face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:red;font-weight:bold'>Table 3.1 Oil shale:
resources, reserves and production at end-1999</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=center>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><a
href="http://www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/publications/reports/ser/shale/excel_files/shale_3_1.xls"><b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>Excel File </span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Recovery method</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Proved amount in place</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Proved recoverable reserves</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Average yield of oil</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Estimated additional reserves</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Production in 1999</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=center>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>million tonnes (shale)</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>million tonnes (oil)</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>kg oil/ tonne</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>million tonnes (oil)</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>thousand tonnes (oil)</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Africa</span></font></b></st1:place><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=center>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=center>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=center>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=center>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=center>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=center>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Morocco</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>surface</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>12 300</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>500</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>50 - 64</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>5 400</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>South Africa</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>in-situ</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>73</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>10</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>North America</span></font></b></st1:place><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>United States of
America</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>surface</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>3 340 000</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>60 000 - 80 000</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>57</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>62 000</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>South America</span></font></b></st1:place><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Brazil</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>surface</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>70</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>9 646</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>195</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Asia</span></font></b></st1:place><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Thailand</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>in-situ</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>18 668</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>810</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>50</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Turkey</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>surface</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>1 640</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>269</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>56</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Europe</span></font></b></st1:place><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Albania</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>surface</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>6</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>5</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Estonia</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>surface</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>590</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>167</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>151</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>in-situ</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>910</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Ukraine</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>in-situ</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>2 674</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>300</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>126</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>6 200</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Middle East</span></font></b></st1:place><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Israel</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>surface</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>15 360</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>600</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>62</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Jordan</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>surface</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>40 000</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>4 000</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>100</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>20 000</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Oceania</span></font></b></st1:place><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'> </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Australia</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>in-situ</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>32 400</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>1 725</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>53</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>35 260</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite
align=right>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>5</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Notes:</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>1. Generally the data shown above are those reported by WEC Member
Committees in 2000/2001</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>2. The data for <st1:country-region w:st="on">Albania</st1:country-region>,
<st1:country-region w:st="on">Brazil</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region
w:st="on">Israel</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">South
Africa</st1:country-region> and <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Ukraine</st1:place></st1:country-region> are those reported by WEC
Member Committees for SER 1998 3. The data thus constitute a sample, reflecting
the information available in particular countries: they should not be
considered as complete, or necessarily representative of the situation in each
region. For this reason, regional and global aggregates have not been computed</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> -------------<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Vision2020 Post: Ted Moffett<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite cite>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>On 5/2/07,<b><span style='font-weight:bold'> Mark Solomon</span></b>
<<a href="mailto:msolomon@moscow.com">msolomon@moscow.com> wrote:</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>It's easy to jump into the Middle-East oil nations are the cause of<br>
everything from empire building to gas prices debate, but it misses a<br>
couple of key factors regarding oil supply and price. First, of the<br>
following list of countries, pick the first, second and third largest<br>
exporters of oil to the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>:<br>
<br>
<st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Saudi Arabia</st1:place></st1:country-region><br>
<st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Venezuela</st1:place></st1:country-region>,<br>
<st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Nigeria</st1:place></st1:country-region><br>
<st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Mexico</st1:place></st1:country-region><br>
<st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region><br>
<st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Russia</st1:place></st1:country-region><br>
<br>
No scrolling down. Make your picks, then read further.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
If you picked, in order, Canada/Mexico/Saudi Arabia you are up on<br>
current oil markets. <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>
has moved into number one exporter with<br>
the massive development of the <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Alberta</st1:place></st1:State>
oil sands. Almost all the oil<br>
produced is sent to the U.S. Mexico is next with <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Saudi Arabia</st1:place></st1:country-region> a<br>
distinctly distant third place. (The environmental damage being done<br>
to mine the oil sands is enormous: huge open pit mines in the<br>
arboreal forest. If you have google earth on your computer, search<br>
for <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Ft. McMurray</st1:City>, <st1:State
w:st="on">Alberta</st1:State></st1:place> and you'll see the mines just north
of<br>
town.)<br>
<br>
Another factor to keep in mind when discussing oil prices is the<br>
effect of the oil futures market on real price. Futures markets are<br>
fine when there is relatively free competition in the market place<br>
but when you have de facto monopolies, such as in the oil world, they<br>
can be manipulated.<br>
<br>
m.<br>
<br>
At 3:34 PM -0700 5/2/07, KRFP wrote:<br>
>Oh, of course, we have to maintain the empire's presence in the<br>
>vital region. Especially since Rumsfeld signed the closing
orders<br>
>for our permanent bases in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Saudi
Arabia</st1:place></st1:country-region> (on Sept 12th or 13th, 2001,<br>
>although it wasn't announced until 2003). Of course any relation to<br>
>this being exactly what Bin Laden was demanding is purely<br>
>coincidental.<br>
><br>
>Dave<br>
><br>
><br>
>Sunil Ramalingam wrote:<br>
>>There might be a reduction in numbers at that point, but I bet the<br>
>>permanent bases will stay. There is no exit strategy because
there<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>>>never was an exit strategy, nor was one desired by the people
who<br>
>>brought us this war.<br>
>><br>
>>Sunil<br>
>><br>
>><br>
>>>From: KRFP <<a href="mailto:krfp@radiofreemoscow.org">
krfp@radiofreemoscow.org><br>
>>>To:</a> <a href="mailto:vision2020@moscow.com">vision2020@moscow.com<br>
>>>Subject: Re: [Vision2020] Ga$oline Price$<br>
>>>Date: Wed, 02 May 2007 12:59:39 -0700<br>
>>><br>
>>>A fitting testimony to the fourth anniversary of Bush's infamous<br>
>>>"Mission Accomplished" speech.<br>
>>><br>
>>>Operation Iraqi Liberation (O.I.L .) has been and will continue to
be<br>
>>>about the control of their oil. It will not end until
the Iraqi<br>
>>>parliament sign away their oil rights to Exxon - BP-</a> <a
href="http://et.al">et.al. Then we<br>
>>>will see a cheery exit staged for us by whatever administration is
"in<br>
>>>charge".<br>
>>><br>
>>>Dave<br>
>>>[Disclaimer: this is a personal post I am making using the station's<br>
>>>account, my views do not necessarily reflect those of the station,<br>
>>>though in this case they probably do.]<br>
>>><br>
>>>Ellen Roskovich wrote:<br>
>>><br>
>>>>*I just now walked in the door after visiting the gas
station. What a<br>
>>>>shock! I was kicking myself for not topping off last
Friday when it<br>
>>>>was still under $3.00. Isn't anyone mad as hell
yet? The price of<br>
>>>>gas keeps climbing up and that's going to drive the price of
all<br>
>>>>commodities through the ceiling. We rely on trucks
to get goods to<br>
>>>>the marketplace. . . you're going to see prices on the shelves<br>
>>>>climb even more than they have in the past couple weeks.*<br>
>>>><br>
>>>>*Ellen Roskovich *<br>
>>>><br>
>>>></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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