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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Excellent post, Mr. Schmidt.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I would like to follow up his posting with
the words of Donovan’s (the singer) “Universal Soldier”, the
Sunshine Superman himself:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>“He is five foot two,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>anbd he's six feet four,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he fights with missiles and with spears,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he is all of thirty-one,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and he's only a seventeen,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he's been a soldier for a thousand years.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>He's a Catolic, a Hindu,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>an atheist, A Jain,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>A Buddhist, a Baptist and a Jew,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and he knows, he shouldn't kill,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and he knows, he always will,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>kill for me, my friend, and I will kill
for you.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>And he's fighting for <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">Canada</st1:country-region></st1:place>,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he's fighting for <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">France</st1:country-region></st1:place>,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he's fighting for the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">USA</st1:country-region></st1:place><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and he's fighting for the Russians,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he's fighting for <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Japan</st1:place></st1:country-region>,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and he thinks we put an end to war this
way.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>And he's fighting for democracy,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he's fighting for the Reds,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he says it's for the peace of all,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he's the one who must decide,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>who's to live and who's to die,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and he never sees the writing on the wall.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>But without him, how would Hitler<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Have condemned him at <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Dachau</st1:place></st1:City>,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>without him Cesar would have stood alone,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>he's the one, who gives his body<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>as a weapon of the war,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and without him all this killing cant go
on.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>He's the universal soldier,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and he really is to blame,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>his orders came from far away, no more,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>they came from here and there,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>and you and me<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>And brothers, can't you see,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>this is not the way we put an end to
war.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Take care, <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Moscow</st1:place></st1:City>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Tom Hansen<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Moscow, Idaho<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=navy face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:navy'>We could learn a lot from crayons: some are
sharp, some are pretty, some are dull, some have weird names, and all are
different colors....but they all exist very nicely in the same box. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=3 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
vision2020-bounces@moscow.com [mailto:vision2020-bounces@moscow.com] <b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Dick Schmidt<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, May 16, 2005 9:47 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> vision2020@moscow.com<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [Vision2020] Military
Funeral Customs</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Memorial day is May 30 and would like to share with you some military
customs I hope you find interesting. Let us not forget those who gave their all
for our freedom.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Dick Schmidt<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<h3 align=center style='text-align:center'><b><font size=4
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>Military Funeral Customs<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<h5><b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>The
practice of draping the casket with the national flag: </span></font><o:p></o:p></b></h5>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>This
custom began during the Napoleonic Wars (1796-1815). The dead carried from the field
of battle on a caisson were covered with flags. When the <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> flag
covers the casket, it is placed so the union blue field is at the head and over
the left shoulder. It is not placed in the grave and is not allowed to touch
the ground.</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<h5><b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Flags
for military funerals: </span></font><o:p></o:p></b></h5>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Flags
are provided for burial services of service members and veterans. The flag for
one who dies on active duty is provided by one's branch of service. Flags for
other veterans are provided by the Department of Veterans Affairs. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>The
flag is presented to the next of kin at the end of the funeral, usually by the
military chaplain. If there is no next of kin present, the flag may be
presented to the veteran's close friend or associate if requested. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>The
flags that draped the caskets of the Unknown Soldiers are on display in the
Memorial Display Room of the Memorial Amphitheater. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<h5><b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>The
practice of firing cannon salutes: </span></font><o:p></o:p></b></h5>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>The
custom of firing cannon salutes originated in the British Navy. When a cannon
was fired, it partially disarmed the ship. Therefore, firing a cannon in salute
symbolizes respect and trust. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<h5><b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>The
practice of firing three rifle volleys over the grave: </span></font><o:p></o:p></b></h5>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>This
practice originated in the old custom of halting the fighting to remove the
dead from the battlefield. Once each army had cleared its dead, it would fire
three volleys to indicate that the dead had been cared for and that they were
ready to go back to the fight. The fact that the firing party consists of seven
riflemen, firing three volleys does not constitute a 21-gun salute. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<h5><b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>21-Gun
salute: </span></font><o:p></o:p></b></h5>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>All
personal salutes may be traced to the prevailing use in earlier days to ensure
that the saluter placed himself in an unarmed position. Salute by gunfire is a
most-ancient ceremony. The British for years compelled weaker nations to make
the first salute, but in time international practice compelled "Gun for
Gun" in the principle of an equality of nations. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>In
the earliest days, seven guns was a recognized British National Salute. Those
early regulations stated that, although a ship could fire only seven guns, the
forts could fire for honors three shots to one shot afloat. In that day powder
of sodium nitrate was easier to keep on shore than at sea. In time, when the
quality of gun powder improved by the use of potassium nitrate, the sea salute
was made equal to the shore salute — 21 guns as the highest national
honor. Although for a period of time, monarchies received more guns than
republics, eventually republics claimed equality. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>There
was much confusion caused by the varying customs of maritime states, but
finally the British government proposed to the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region> a regulation that
provided for "Salute to be Returned Gun for Gun." The British at that
time officially considered the international salute to be 21 guns and the
United States adopted the 21-gun and "Gun for Gun Return" Aug. 17,
1875. Previous to that time, our national salute was one gun for each state.
The practice was also a result of usage — John Paul Jones saluted <st1:country-region
w:st="on">France</st1:country-region> with 13 guns (one for each state) at <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Quiberon</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">Bay</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> when the Stars and Stripes received
its first salute. This practice was not authorized until 1810. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>By
the admission of states to the <st1:place w:st="on">Union</st1:place>, the
salute reached 21 guns by 1818. In 1841, the national salute was reduced to 21
guns. In fact, the 1875 adoption of the British suggestion because a formal
announcement that the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United
States</st1:place></st1:country-region> recognized 21 guns as an
international salute. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<h5><b><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>"Taps":
</span></font><o:p></o:p></b></h5>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>"Taps"
is an American call, composed by the Union Army's Brig. Gen. Daniel Butterfield
while in camp at Harrison's Landing, Va., in 1862. Butterfield wrote the call
to replace the earlier "Tattoo" (lights out), which he thought too
formal. The call soon became known as "Taps," because it was often
tapped out on a drum in the absence of a bugler. Before the year was out,
sounding Taps became the practice in Northern and Southern camps. The call was
officially adopted by the U.S. Army in 1874. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Col.
James A. Moss, in his Officer's Manual first published in 1911, gives this
account of the initial use of Taps at a military funeral: </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>"During
the Peninsular Campaign in 1862, a soldier of Tidball's <st1:place w:st="on">Battery</st1:place>
A of the 2nd Artillery was buried at a time when the battery occupied an
advanced position concealed in the woods. It was unsafe to fire the customary
three volleys over the grave, on account of the proximity of the enemy, and it
occurred to Capt. Tidball that the sounding of Taps would be the most
appropriate ceremony that could be substituted. The custom, thus originated,
was taken up throughout the Army of the <st1:place w:st="on">Potomac</st1:place>
and finally confirmed by orders." </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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